խլուրդ

Armenian
Խլուրդ (1)

Etymology

From Old Armenian խլուրդ (xlurd).

Pronunciation

Noun

խլուրդ • (xlurd)

  1. mole (animal)
  2. (dialectal) small lizard
  3. (dialectal) wooden lock
  4. (dialectal) gangrene, canker

Declension
i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative խլուրդ (xlurd) խլուրդներ (xlurdner)
dative խլուրդի (xlurdi) խլուրդների (xlurdneri)
ablative խլուրդից (xlurdicʿ) խլուրդներից (xlurdnericʿ)
instrumental խլուրդով (xlurdov) խլուրդներով (xlurdnerov)
locative — —
definite forms
nominative խլուրդը/խլուրդն (xlurdə/xlurdn) խլուրդները/խլուրդներն (xlurdnerə/xlurdnern)
dative խլուրդին (xlurdin) խլուրդներին (xlurdnerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative խլուրդս (xlurds) խլուրդներս (xlurdners)
dative խլուրդիս (xlurdis) խլուրդներիս (xlurdneris)
ablative խլուրդիցս (xlurdicʿs) խլուրդներիցս (xlurdnericʿs)
instrumental խլուրդովս (xlurdovs) խլուրդներովս (xlurdnerovs)
locative — —
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative խլուրդդ (xlurdd) խլուրդներդ (xlurdnerd)
dative խլուրդիդ (xlurdid) խլուրդներիդ (xlurdnerid)
ablative խլուրդիցդ (xlurdicʿd) խլուրդներիցդ (xlurdnericʿd)
instrumental խլուրդովդ (xlurdovd) խլուրդներովդ (xlurdnerovd)
locative — —

Derived terms
  • խլրդային (xlrdayin)
  • խլրդբլոց (xlrdblocʿ)
  • խլրդկտոց (xlrdktocʿ)
  • խլրդուկ (xlrduk)

Further reading

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

A Classical Syriac borrowing: compare Classical Syriac ܚܘܠܕܐ‎ (ḥuldā, “mole”), ܚܠܕܘܕܐ‎ (ḥalḏūḏā, ḥaləḏūḏā, “field mouse or jerboa”),[1] ܚܠܘܕܐ‎ (ḥallūḏā, ḥālūḏā, “field mouse or jerboa”), ܚܠܕܝܬܐ‎ (ḥalāḏīṯā, “gangrene, canker”) (attested in the same passages of Aphrahat as խլիրդն (xlirdn), խլրդենի (xlrdeni, “gangrene, canker”)), all from the root ܚ-ܠ-ܕ‎ (ḥ-l-d) related to crawling. See also խլրտամ (xlrtam).

Noun

խլուրդ • (xlurd)

  1. mole (animal)
    • 5th century, Bible, Leviticus 11.30:[2]
      […] եւ մկնաքիս եւ գետնառեւծ եւ կովադիաց եւ մողէզ եւ խլուրդ (var. խլուրդն):
      […] ew mknakʿis ew getnaṙewc ew kovadiacʿ ew mołēz ew xlurd (var. xlurdn):
      • Translation by New English Translation of the Septuagint
        […] field mouse and chameleon and gecko and lizard and blind rat.
    • 10/13th century, Tʿovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʿiwn tann Arcruneacʿ [History of the House of Artsrunik] :[3][4]
      Ո՜վ Բաբելացի կոյր՝ ունելով խելապատակ ցնդեալ ի մկանց եւ ի խլրդից […]
      O!v Babelacʿi koyr, unelov xelapatak cʿndeal i mkancʿ ew i xlrdicʿ […]
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Oh blind Babylonian with brains addled by mice and moles […]
    • 11th century, Grigor Magistros, Grigor Magistrosi tʿłtʿerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros] :[5]
      […] կափուցեալ զաչս իբրև զխլուրդս […]
      […] kapʿucʿeal začʿs ibrew zxlurds […]
    • 13th century, Patmutʿiwn vracʿ [The History of Georgians] :[6][7]
      Եւ ասէ ցնա Վախթանգ․ Անմիտ դու և մուկն խլուրդ […]
      Ew asē cʿna Vaxtʿang; Anmit du ew mukn xlurd […]
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Vaxt‘ang said to him: ‘You are a stupid mouse-like mole […]
  2. (only in the form խլիրդն (xlirdn)) gangrene, canker
    Synonym: խլրդենի (xlrdeni)
    • 5th century, Aphrahat, Zgōn [Demonstrations] VII.3:[8][9]
      […] իսկ որ խլրդենին (var. խլիրդն) ստանայ յանձն իւր, չիք ինչ հնար բժշկութեան նորա […]
      […] isk or xlrdenin (var. xlirdn) stanay yanjn iwr, čʿikʿ inčʿ hnar bžškutʿean nora […]
      • Translation by Guy Lafontaine
        […] (ei) qui autem gangraenam habet in se ipso, non est ullum remedium sanationis ei […]
    • 5th century, Aphrahat, Zgōn [Demonstrations] VII.5:[10][11]
      […] զէն ոչ կարեն զգենուլ, զի խլրդենի (var. խլիրդն) ստացան ի մարմինս իւրեանց։ Եւ մինչ խլրդենին ի (var. մինչև խլիրդն առ) նոսա իցէ և ժպրհեսցին զէն զգենուլ […]
      […] zēn očʿ karen zgenul, zi xlrdeni (var. xlirdn) stacʿan i marmins iwreancʿ. Ew minčʿ xlrdenin i (var. minčʿew xlirdn aṙ) nosa icʿē ew žprhescʿin zēn zgenul […]
      • Translation by Guy Lafontaine
        […] arma non possunt induere, quod gangraenam habuerunt in corporibus suis. Et dum gangraena in eis erit et audebunt arma induere […]

Usage notes
  • In the Bible, translates Ancient Greek ἀσπάλαξ (aspálax).
  • The passage in Arcruni alludes to Leviticus 11.30 which refers to mice and moles as unclean animals.
  • Some dictionaries postulate a nominative *խլուրդն (*xlurdn) based on the genitive խլրդան (xlrdan), but it could be the genitive of the form խլիրդն (xlirdn) attested as a variant reading of the sense "gangrene, canker".

Declension
i-type
singular plural
nominative խլուրդ (xlurd) խլուրդք (xlurdkʿ)
genitive խլրդի (xlrdi) խլրդից (xlrdicʿ)
dative խլրդի (xlrdi) խլրդից (xlrdicʿ)
accusative խլուրդ (xlurd) խլուրդս (xlurds)
ablative խլրդէ (xlrdē) խլրդից (xlrdicʿ)
instrumental խլրդիւ (xlrdiw) խլրդիւք (xlrdiwkʿ)
locative խլրդի (xlrdi) խլուրդս (xlurds)

Derived terms
  • խլրդենի (xlrdeni)
  • խլրդնի (xlrdni)
  • հլրդենի (hlrdeni)

Descendants
  • Armenian: խլուրդ (xlurd)

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “խլուրդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 374ab
  2. Zēytʿunean A. S., editor (1993) Girkʿ Łewtacʿwocʿ [Book of Leviticus] (Hay hnaguyn tʿargmanakan hušarjanner; 4)‎, critical text, Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, page 87
  3. Tʿovma Arcruni ew Ananun (2006), M. H. Darbinyan-Melikʿyan, editor, Patmutʿiwn Tann Arcruneacʿ [History of the House of Artsrunik]‎, critical text with introduction and commentary, Yerevan: Magaghat, page 29
  4. Thomson, Robert W. (1985) Thomas Artsruni, History of the House of the Artsrunik‘: translation and commentary (Byzantine texts in translation)‎, Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, page 84
  5. Kostaneancʿ, Karapet (1910) Grigor Magistrosi tʿġtʿerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros]‎, Alexandropol: Gēorg Sanoyeancʿ Press, page 206
  6. J̌uanšēr (1884) Hamaṙōt patmutʿiwn vracʿ [Abridged History of Georgians] (Matenagrutʿiwnkʿ naxneacʿ), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 88
  7. Thomson, Robert W. (1996) Rewriting Caucasian History: The Medieval Armenian Adaptation of the Georgian Chronicles. The Original Georgian Texts and the Armenian Adaptation, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 208
  8. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 405. Scriptores Armeniaci; 9)‎, a critical edition of the Old Armenian text, Louvain: Peeters, page 37
  9. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 406. Scriptores Armeniaci; 10)‎, a translation from Old Armenian into Latin, Louvain: Peeters, page 22
  10. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 405. Scriptores Armeniaci; 9)‎, a critical edition of the Old Armenian text, Louvain: Peeters, page 39
  11. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 406. Scriptores Armeniaci; 10)‎, a translation from Old Armenian into Latin, Louvain: Peeters, page 22

Further reading
  • “ḥld”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-06-26
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836), “խլուրդ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 946c
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836), “խլիրդն”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 946b
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879), “խլուրդ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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