زغال

Khalaj

Noun

زُغال (zuğâl) (definite accusative زُغالؽ‎, plural زُغاللار‎)

  1. Arabic spelling of zuğâl (“coal”)

Declension
Declension of زغال
singular plural
nominative زغال زغاللار‎
genitive زغالؽݧ‎ زغاللارؽݧ‎
dative زغالقا‎ زغاللارقا‎
definite accusative زغالؽ‎ زغاللارؽ‎
locative زغالچا‎ زغاللارچا‎
ablative زغالدا‎ زغاللاردا‎
instrumental زغاللا‎ زغاللارلا‎
equative زغالوارا‎ زغاللاروارا‎

Persian

Alternative forms
  • زگال‎ (zogâl), ژگال‎ (žogâl), ذغال‎ (zoğâl), سکار‎ (sekâr), سگار‎ (segâr), زکار‎ (zekâr), زکال‎ (zakâl)

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *jar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ar-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). Compare Proto-Germanic *kulą (“coal”), Irish gual (“coal”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [zʊ.ɣɑ́ːl]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [zʊ.ɣɑ́ːl]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [zu.ɣɔ́ːl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? zuğāl
Dari reading? zuğāl
Iranian reading? zoğâl
Tajik reading? zuġol

Noun
Dari زغال
Iranian Persian
Tajik зуғол

زغال • (zoğâl) (plural زغال‌ها‎ (zoğâl-hâ))

  1. coal
  2. charcoal
  3. (literary or poetic) black, dark
  4. dogwood, cornel
    Synonym: قرانیا‎ (qarâniyâ)

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Arabic: زُوقَال‎ (zūqāl)
  • → Azerbaijani: zoğal
    • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܙܘܓܠ‎ f (zoġal)
  • → Khalaj: zuğâl
  • → Northern Kurdish: zuẍal
  • → Middle Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զղալ (zġal)
    • Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զուղալ (zuġal)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: زغال‎ (zuğal)
    • Turkish: zağal;zanğal, zaval;zavrak;zoğal;zonğal;zoval;zuğal;zuhal;zuval
  • → Udi: зокъал (zoq̇al)

References
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “զողալ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 104a
  • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 104
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “زغال”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
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