क्षुद्र

Hindi

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क्षुद्र • (kṣudra) (indeclinable)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शूद्र (śūdra).

क्षुद्र • (kṣudra) m

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšudrás (“minute, tiny; dispersed”), from Proto-Indo-European *k⁽ʷ⁾sewd- (“to disperse, disintegrate”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀‎ (xšudra, “liquid”). Compare also क्षुल्ल (kṣulla, “small”) and क्षुद् (kṣud, “to crush”).

क्षुद्र • (kṣudrá) stem

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Feminine ā-stem declension of क्षुद्रा (kṣudrā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	क्षुद्रा kṣudrā́	क्षुद्रे kṣudré	क्षुद्राः kṣudrā́ḥ
Vocative	क्षुद्रे kṣúdre	क्षुद्रे kṣúdre	क्षुद्राः kṣúdrāḥ
Accusative	क्षुद्राम् kṣudrā́m	क्षुद्रे kṣudré	क्षुद्राः kṣudrā́ḥ
Instrumental	क्षुद्रया / क्षुद्रा¹ kṣudráyā / kṣudrā́¹	क्षुद्राभ्याम् kṣudrā́bhyām	क्षुद्राभिः kṣudrā́bhiḥ
Dative	क्षुद्रायै kṣudrā́yai	क्षुद्राभ्याम् kṣudrā́bhyām	क्षुद्राभ्यः kṣudrā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	क्षुद्रायाः kṣudrā́yāḥ	क्षुद्राभ्याम् kṣudrā́bhyām	क्षुद्राभ्यः kṣudrā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	क्षुद्रायाः kṣudrā́yāḥ	क्षुद्रयोः kṣudráyoḥ	क्षुद्राणाम् kṣudrā́ṇām
Locative	क्षुद्रायाम् kṣudrā́yām	क्षुद्रयोः kṣudráyoḥ	क्षुद्रासु kṣudrā́su
Notes	¹Vedic

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Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀔𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟 (khuḍḍa)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀔𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤 (khudda)
Pali: khudda
Central:
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: खूद (khūd)
  - Urdu: کھُود‎ (khūd)
Northern:
- Nepali: खुद्र (khudra)
Eastern:
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Bhojpuri: खूद (khūd)
  - Assamese: খূদ (khud)
  - Bengali: খুদ্র (khudro)
  - Odia: ଖୁଦ (khudô)
Southern:
- Elu:
  - Sinhalese: කුඩ (kuḍa, “dust”), කුඩා (kuḍā, “small”)
  - Dhivehi: ކުދި‎ (kudi, “small”), ކުޑަ‎ (kuḍa, “small, younger”)

क्षुद्र • (kṣudra) stem, m

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क्षुद्र • (kṣudra) stem, n

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Monier Williams (1899), “क्षुद्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 330/2-3.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 434; 439
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kṣudrá́”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 193

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