गणयति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গণয়তি (Assamese script)
ᬕᬡᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
গণয়তি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰜𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀡𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဂဏယတိ (Burmese script)
ગણયતિ (Gujarati script)
ਗਣਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌣𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦟꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂝𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಗಣಯತಿ (Kannada script)
គណយតិ (Khmer script)
ຄຓຍຕິ (Lao script)
ഗണയതി (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠᢏᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘜𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᢏᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑦼𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐞𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗଣଯତି (Odia script)
ꢔꢠꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆟𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖜𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ගණයති (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩪𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚘𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
க³ணயதி (Tamil script)
గణయతి (Telugu script)
คณยติ (Thai script)
ག་ཎ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒝𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨘𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root गण् (gaṇ) +‎ -अयति (-ayati)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ.ɳɐ́.jɐ.ti/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ.jɐ.t̪i/

Verb

गणयति • (gaṇayati) third-singular present indicative (root गण्, class 10, type P, present)

count, number, enumerate, sum up, add up, reckon, calculate, compute, take into account
collect into one series
esteem, think worth, value at
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 3:
  I do not value him at a straw
consider, regard as, enumerate among (with loc.)
ascribe, attribute to (with loc.)
attend to, take notice of
(with a negative particle) not care about, leave unnoticed
न गणयति मृत्युम्
na gaṇayati mṛtyum
he does not care for death

Conjugation

Forms of Sanskrit verbs are numerous and complicated. The following conjugation shows only a subset of all forms and should be treated as a guide.

Nonfinite Forms: गणितुम् (gáṇitum)
	Undeclinable
Infinitive	गणितुम् gáṇitum
Gerund	गणित्वा gaṇitvā́
	Participles
Masculine/Neuter Gerundive	गण्य / गणितव्य / गणनीय gáṇya / gaṇitavya / gaṇanīya
Feminine Gerundive	गण्या / गणितव्या / गणनीया gáṇyā / gaṇitavyā / gaṇanīyā
Masculine/Neuter Past Passive Participle	गणित gaṇitá
Feminine Past Passive Participle	गणिता gaṇitā́
Masculine/Neuter Past Active Participle	गणितवत् gaṇitávat
Feminine Past Active Participle	गणितवती gaṇitávatī

Present: गणयति (gaṇáyati), गणयते (gaṇáyate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयति gaṇáyati	गणयतः gaṇáyataḥ	गणयन्ति gaṇáyanti	गणयते gaṇáyate	गणयेते gaṇáyete	गणयन्ते gaṇáyante
Second	गणयसि gaṇáyasi	गणयथः gaṇáyathaḥ	गणयथ gaṇáyatha	गणयसे gaṇáyase	गणयेथे gaṇáyethe	गणयध्वे gaṇáyadhve
First	गणयामि gaṇáyāmi	गणयावः gaṇáyāvaḥ	गणयामः gaṇáyāmaḥ	गणये gaṇáye	गणयावहे gaṇáyāvahe	गणयामहे gaṇáyāmahe
Imperative
Third	गणयतु / गणयतात् gaṇáyatu / gaṇáyatāt	गणयताम् gaṇáyatām	गणयन्तु gaṇáyantu	गणयताम् gaṇáyatām	गणयेताम् gaṇáyetām	गणयन्तम् gaṇáyantam
Second	गणय / गणयतात् gaṇáya / gaṇáyatāt	गणयतम् gaṇáyatam	गणयत gaṇáyata	गणयस्व gaṇáyasva	गणयेथाम् gaṇáyethām	गणयध्वम् gaṇáyadhvam
First	गणयानि gaṇáyāni	गणयाव gaṇáyāva	गणयाम gaṇáyāma	गणयै gaṇáyai	गणयावहै gaṇáyāvahai	गणयामहै gaṇáyāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गणयेत् gaṇáyet	गणयेताम् gaṇáyetām	गणयेयुः gaṇáyeyuḥ	गणयेत gaṇáyeta	गणयेयाताम् gaṇáyeyātām	गणयेरन् gaṇáyeran
Second	गणयेः gaṇáyeḥ	गणयेतम् gaṇáyetam	गणयेत gaṇáyeta	गणयेथाः gaṇáyethāḥ	गणयेयाथाम् gaṇáyeyāthām	गणयेध्वम् gaṇáyedhvam
First	गणयेयम् gaṇáyeyam	गणयेव gaṇáyeva	गणयेमः gaṇáyemaḥ	गणयेय gaṇáyeya	गणयेवहि gaṇáyevahi	गणयेमहि gaṇáyemahi
Participles
	गणयत् gaṇáyat			गणयमान gaṇáyamāna

Imperfect: अगणयत् (ágaṇayat), अगणयत (ágaṇayata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगणयत् ágaṇayat	अगणयताम् ágaṇayatām	अगणयन् ágaṇayan	अगणयत ágaṇayata	अगणयेताम् ágaṇayetām	अगणयन्त ágaṇayanta
Second	अगणयः ágaṇayaḥ	अगणयतम् ágaṇayatam	अगणयत ágaṇayata	अगणयथाः ágaṇayathāḥ	अगणयेथाम् ágaṇayethām	अगणयध्वम् ágaṇayadhvam
First	अगणयम् ágaṇayam	अगणयाव ágaṇayāva	अगणयाम ágaṇayāma	अगणये ágaṇaye	अगणयावहि ágaṇayāvahi	अगणयामहि ágaṇayāmahi

Future: गणयिष्यति (gaṇayiṣyáti), गणयिष्यते (gaṇayiṣyáte)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयिष्यति gaṇayiṣyáti	गणयिष्यतः gaṇayiṣyátaḥ	गणयिष्यन्ति gaṇayiṣyánti	गणयिष्यते gaṇayiṣyáte	गणयिष्येते gaṇayiṣyéte	गणयिष्यन्ते gaṇayiṣyánte
Second	गणयिष्यसि gaṇayiṣyási	गणयिष्यथः gaṇayiṣyáthaḥ	गणयिष्यथ gaṇayiṣyátha	गणयिष्यसे gaṇayiṣyáse	गणयिष्येथे gaṇayiṣyéthe	गणयिष्यध्वे gaṇayiṣyádhve
First	गणयिष्यामि gaṇayiṣyā́mi	गणयिष्यावः gaṇayiṣyā́vaḥ	गणयिष्यामः gaṇayiṣyā́maḥ	गणयिष्ये gaṇayiṣyé	गणयिष्यावहे gaṇayiṣyā́vahe	गणयिष्यामहे gaṇayiṣyā́mahe
Participles
	गणयिष्यत् gaṇayiṣyát			गणयिष्याण gaṇayiṣyā́ṇa

Conditional: अगणयिष्यत् (ágaṇayiṣyat), अगणयिष्यत (ágaṇayiṣyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगणयिष्यत् ágaṇayiṣyat	अगणयिष्यताम् ágaṇayiṣyatām	अगणयिष्यन् ágaṇayiṣyan	अगणयिष्यत ágaṇayiṣyata	अगणयिष्येताम् ágaṇayiṣyetām	अगणयिष्यन्त ágaṇayiṣyanta
Second	अगणयिष्यः ágaṇayiṣyaḥ	अगणयिष्यतम् ágaṇayiṣyatam	अगणयिष्यत ágaṇayiṣyata	अगणयिष्यथाः ágaṇayiṣyathāḥ	अगणयिष्येथाम् ágaṇayiṣyethām	अगणयिष्यध्वम् ágaṇayiṣyadhvam
First	अगणयिष्यम् ágaṇayiṣyam	अगणयिष्याव ágaṇayiṣyāva	अगणयिष्याम ágaṇayiṣyāma	अगणयिष्ये ágaṇayiṣye	अगणयिष्यावहि ágaṇayiṣyāvahi	अगणयिष्यामहि ágaṇayiṣyāmahi

Aorist: अजीगणत् (ájīgaṇat), अजीगणत (ájīgaṇata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अजीगणत् ájīgaṇat	अजीगणताम् ájīgaṇatām	अजीगणन् ájīgaṇan	अजीगणत ájīgaṇata	अजीगणेताम् ájīgaṇetām	अजीगणन्त ájīgaṇanta
Second	अजीगणः ájīgaṇaḥ	अजीगणतम् ájīgaṇatam	अजीगणत ájīgaṇata	अजीगणथाः ájīgaṇathāḥ	अजीगणेथाम् ájīgaṇethām	अजीगणध्वम् ájīgaṇadhvam
First	अजीगणम् ájīgaṇam	अजीगणाव ájīgaṇāva	अजीगणाम ájīgaṇāma	अजीगणे ájīgaṇe	अजीगणावहि ájīgaṇāvahi	अजीगणामहि ájīgaṇāmahi

Benedictive/Precative: गण्यात् (gaṇyā́t), गणयिषीष्ट (gaṇayiṣīṣṭá)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Optative/Potential
Third	गण्यात् gaṇyā́t	गण्यास्ताम् gaṇyā́stām	गण्यासुः gaṇyā́suḥ	गणयिषीष्ट gaṇayiṣīṣṭá	गणयिषीयास्ताम् gaṇayiṣīyā́stām	गणयिषीरन् gaṇayiṣīrán
Second	गण्याः gaṇyā́ḥ	गण्यास्तम् gaṇyā́stam	गण्यास्त gaṇyā́sta	गणयिषीष्ठाः gaṇayiṣīṣṭhā́ḥ	गणयिषीयास्थाम् gaṇayiṣīyā́sthām	गणयिषीध्वम् gaṇayiṣīdhvám
First	गण्यासम् gaṇyā́sam	गण्यास्व gaṇyā́sva	गण्यास्म gaṇyā́sma	गणयिषीय gaṇayiṣīyá	गणयिषीवहि gaṇayiṣīváhi	गणयिषीमहि gaṇayiṣīmáhi

Perfect: गणयाञ्चकार (gaṇayāñcakā́ra) or गणयाम्बभूव (gaṇayāmbabhū́va) or गणयामास (gaṇayāmā́sa), गणयाञ्चक्रे (gaṇayāñcakré) or गणयाम्बभूव (gaṇayāmbabhū́va) or गणयामास (gaṇayāmā́sa)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयाञ्चकार / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakā́ra / gaṇayāmbabhū́va / gaṇayāmā́sa	गणयाञ्चक्रतुः / गणयाम्बभूवतुः / गणयामासतुः gaṇayāñcakrátuḥ / gaṇayāmbabhūvátuḥ / gaṇayāmāsátuḥ	गणयाञ्चक्रुः / गणयाम्बभूवुः / गणयामासुः gaṇayāñcakrúḥ / gaṇayāmbabhūvúḥ / gaṇayāmāsúḥ	गणयाञ्चक्रे / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakré / gaṇayāmbabhū́va / gaṇayāmā́sa	गणयाञ्चक्राते / गणयाम्बभूवतुः / गणयामासतुः gaṇayāñcakrā́te / gaṇayāmbabhūvátuḥ / gaṇayāmāsátuḥ	गणयाञ्चक्रिरे / गणयाम्बभूवुः / गणयामासुः gaṇayāñcakriré / gaṇayāmbabhūvúḥ / gaṇayāmāsúḥ
Second	गणयाञ्चकर्थ / गणयाम्बभूविथ / गणयामासिथ gaṇayāñcakártha / gaṇayāmbabhū́vitha / gaṇayāmā́sitha	गणयाञ्चक्रथुः / गणयाम्बभूवथुः / गणयामासथुः gaṇayāñcakráthuḥ / gaṇayāmbabhūváthuḥ / gaṇayāmāsáthuḥ	गणयाञ्चक्र / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakrá / gaṇayāmbabhūvá / gaṇayāmāsá	गणयाञ्चकृषे / गणयाम्बभूविथ / गणयामासिथ gaṇayāñcakṛṣé / gaṇayāmbabhū́vitha / gaṇayāmā́sitha	गणयाञ्चक्राथे / गणयाम्बभूवथुः / गणयामासथुः gaṇayāñcakrā́the / gaṇayāmbabhūváthuḥ / gaṇayāmāsáthuḥ	गणयाञ्चकृध्वे / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakṛdhvé / gaṇayāmbabhūvá / gaṇayāmāsá
First	गणयाञ्चकर / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakára / gaṇayāmbabhū́va / gaṇayāmā́sa	गणयाञ्चकृव / गणयाम्बभूविव / गणयामासिव gaṇayāñcakṛvá / gaṇayāmbabhūvivá / gaṇayāmāsivá	गणयाञ्चकृम / गणयाम्बभूविम / गणयामासिम gaṇayāñcakṛmá / gaṇayāmbabhūvimá / gaṇayāmāsimá	गणयाञ्चक्रे / गणयाम्बभूव / गणयामास gaṇayāñcakré / gaṇayāmbabhū́va / gaṇayāmā́sa	गणयाञ्चकृवहे / गणयाम्बभूविव / गणयामासिव gaṇayāñcakṛváhe / gaṇayāmbabhūvivá / gaṇayāmāsivá	गणयाञ्चकृमहे / गणयाम्बभूविम / गणयामासिम gaṇayāñcakṛmáhe / gaṇayāmbabhūvimá / gaṇayāmāsimá
Participles
	गणयाञ्चकृवांस् / गणयाम्बभूवांस् / गणयामासिवांस् gaṇayāñcakṛvā́ṃs / gaṇayāmbabhūvā́ṃs / gaṇayāmāsivā́ṃs			गणयाञ्चक्रान / गणयाम्बभूवांस् / गणयामासिवांस् gaṇayāñcakrāná / gaṇayāmbabhūvā́ṃs / gaṇayāmāsivā́ṃs

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: gaṇ
- Kalami: gän
- Kashmiri: [script needed] (gaṇṇo)
- → Proto-Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: gäṇ
  - Waigali: gaṇ
Pali: gaṇeti
Prakrit: 𑀕𑀡𑁂𑀇 (gaṇei), 𑀕𑀡𑀇 (gaṇaï)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀦𑀤𑀺 (ganadi)
    - Awadhi: गनब (ganab)
    - Hindustani: ginnā
      - Hindi: गिनना
      - Urdu: گننا‎
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: গণিব (gonibo)
    - Bengali: গোনা (gōna), গণা (gona)
    - Bihari: गिनब
      - Bhojpuri: गनल (ganal)
      - Maithili: गनब (ganab)
    - Odia: ଗଣିବା (gôṇiba)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Kumaoni: गण्णो (gaṇṇo)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: गन्नु (gannu)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Jaunsari: गण्नोँ (gaṇnō̃)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: giṇṇā
        Gurmukhi script: ਗਿਣਣਾ
        
        Shahmukhi script: گِݨَّہ‎
        
        Lahnda: گݨݨ‎ (gaṇaṇ)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: gaṇaṇu
        Arabic script: گَڻَڻُ‎
        
        Devanagari script: गणणु
        
        Jadgali: [script needed] (gaṇnu)
        
        Kachchi: ગણણૂ (gaṇṇū)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ގުނަނީ‎ (gunanī)
    - Sinhalese: ගණිනවා (gaṇinawā)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀡𑀇 (gaṇaï)
    - Old Marathi: गणणे (gaṇaṇe)
      - Marathi: गणणे (gaṇṇe)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀦𑀤𑀺 (ganadi)
    - Old Gujarati: गिनइ (ginaï)
      - Gujarati: ગણવું (gaṇvũ)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गणयति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 342.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ganayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213

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