नक्षत्र

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नक्षत्र (nákṣatra).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /nək.ʂət̪.ɾᵊ/, [nɐk.ʃɐt̪.ɾᵊ]

Noun

नक्षत्र • (nakṣatra) m

star or any astronomical object
constellation

Declension

Declension of नक्षत्र (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	नक्षत्र nakṣatra	नक्षत्र nakṣatra
oblique	नक्षत्र nakṣatra	नक्षत्रों nakṣatrõ
vocative	नक्षत्र nakṣatra	नक्षत्रो nakṣatro

Synonyms

(star) तारा (tārā), सितारा (sitārā)
(constellation) तारामंडल (tārāmaṇḍal)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ᬦᬓ᭄ᬱᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
নক্ষত্ৰ (Assamese script)
নক্ষত্র (Bengali script)
𑰡𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
𑌨𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
નક્ષત્ર (Gujarati script)
ਨਕੑਸ਼ਤੑਰ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦤꦏ꧀ꦰꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
នក្ឞត្រ (Khmer script)
ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ (Kannada script)
ນກ຺ຩຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
നക്ഷത്ര (Malayalam script)
𑘡𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠨᠠᢉᢔᠠᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᠨᠠᡬᢢᠠᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
နက္ၑတြ (Burmese script)
𑧁𑦮𑧠𑧌𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐣𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର (Odia script)
ꢥꢒ꣄ꢰꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆤𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖡𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
නක්‍ෂත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
நக்ஷத்ர (Tamil script)
నక్షత్ర (Telugu script)
นกฺษตฺร (Thai script)
ན་ཀྵ་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
𑒢𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

Possibly from an earlier *nák-kṣatra (“ruling over the night”), from नक् (nák, “night”) + क्षत्र (kṣatra, “dominion, rule”). Alternatively, from the root नक्ष् (nakṣ, “to reach”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /nɐ́k.ʂɐt.ɾɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /n̪ɐkˈʂɐt̪.ɾɐ/

Noun

नक्षत्र • (nákṣatra) stem, n or m

a star or any heavenly body
Synonyms: स्तृ (stṛ), तृ (tṛ)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.67.6:
  ता हि क्षत्रं धारयेथे अनु द्यून्दृंहेथे सानुमुपमादिव द्योः।
  दृळ्हो नक्षत्र उत विश्वदेवो भूमिमातान्द्यां धासिनायोः॥
  tā hi kṣatraṃ dhārayethe anu dyūndṛṃhethe sānumupamādiva dyoḥ.
  dṛḷho nakṣatra uta viśvadevo bhūmimātāndyāṃ dhāsināyoḥ.
  So, through the days maintaining princely power. ye prop the height as ’twere from loftiest heaven.
  The Star of all the Gods, established, filleth the heaven and earth with food of man who liveth.
the Sun
an asterism or constellation through which the moon passes, a lunar mansion
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of नक्षत्र (nákṣatra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नक्षत्रम् nákṣatram	नक्षत्रे nákṣatre	नक्षत्राणि / नक्षत्रा¹ nákṣatrāṇi / nákṣatrā¹
Vocative	नक्षत्र nákṣatra	नक्षत्रे nákṣatre	नक्षत्राणि / नक्षत्रा¹ nákṣatrāṇi / nákṣatrā¹
Accusative	नक्षत्रम् nákṣatram	नक्षत्रे nákṣatre	नक्षत्राणि / नक्षत्रा¹ nákṣatrāṇi / nákṣatrā¹
Instrumental	नक्षत्रेण nákṣatreṇa	नक्षत्राभ्याम् nákṣatrābhyām	नक्षत्रैः / नक्षत्रेभिः¹ nákṣatraiḥ / nákṣatrebhiḥ¹
Dative	नक्षत्राय nákṣatrāya	नक्षत्राभ्याम् nákṣatrābhyām	नक्षत्रेभ्यः nákṣatrebhyaḥ
Ablative	नक्षत्रात् nákṣatrāt	नक्षत्राभ्याम् nákṣatrābhyām	नक्षत्रेभ्यः nákṣatrebhyaḥ
Genitive	नक्षत्रस्य nákṣatrasya	नक्षत्रयोः nákṣatrayoḥ	नक्षत्राणाम् nákṣatrāṇām
Locative	नक्षत्रे nákṣatre	नक्षत्रयोः nákṣatrayoḥ	नक्षत्रेषु nákṣatreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: نێچھَتُر‎ (nechatur), نێچھۆتُ‎ (nechotu)
Gandhari: 𐨣𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨟𐨿𐨪‎ (nakṣatra)
Pali: nakkhatta
Prakrit: 𑀡𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀢𑁆𑀢 (ṇakkhatta)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
    - Awadhi: नखत (nakhat)
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: nakhat
      - Hindi: नखत
      - Urdu: نَکھَت‎ (nakhat)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Bihari: नखत (nakhat)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: nakhattar
        Gurmukhi script: ਨਖੱਤਰ
        
        Shahmukhi script: نَکھَتَّر‎
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: nakhaṭru
        Arabic script: نَکَٽرُ‎
        
        Devanagari script: नखट्रु
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ނަކަތް‎ (nakat̊)
    - Sinhalese: නකත (nakata), නැකැත (nækæta)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gujarati: નખેતર (nakhetar)

Borrowed terms

→ Hindi: नक्षत्र (nakṣatra)
→ Kannada: ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ (nakṣatra)
→ Khmer: នក្សត្រ (nĕəksat)
→ Malayalam: നക്ഷത്രം (nakṣatraṁ)
→ Punjabi: ਨਛੱਤਰ (nachattar)
→ Tamil: நட்சத்திரம் (naṭcattiram)
→ Telugu: నక్షత్రము (nakṣatramu)
→ Thai: นักษัตร (nák-sàt)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “नक्षत्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0524.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “naksatra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 397

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