ἀήρ

See also: αήρ and Appendix:Variations of "aer"

Ancient Greek

Beekes gives Proto-Hellenic *auhḗr (“morning mist”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsḗr, from *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”). Cognate with αὔρᾱ (aúrā) (< *h₂éwsreh₂), Latin aurōra.[1] The a was lengthened to ā by compensatory lengthening.

Sihler gives Proto-Hellenic *āwḗr (“morning mist”) but provides no further etymology.[2][3] See Albanian fjur.

ᾱ̓ήρ • (āḗr) m (genitive ᾱ̓έρος); third declension

Third declension of ὁ ᾱ̓ήρ; τοῦ ᾱ̓έρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ ᾱ̓ήρ ho āḗr
Genitive	τοῦ ᾱ̓έρος toû āéros
Dative	τῷ ᾱ̓έρῐ tôi āéri
Accusative	τὸν ᾱ̓έρᾰ tòn āéra
Vocative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ᾱ̓ήρ; ἠέρος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Genitive	ἠέρος ēéros
Dative	ἠέρῐ ēéri
Accusative	ἠέρᾰ ēéra
Vocative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ᾱ̓ήρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 27
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 54
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 284 A

“ἀήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἀήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἀήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“ἀήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G109 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
ἀήρ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- air idem, page 21.
- atmosphere idem, page 49.
- climate idem, page 137.
- weather idem, page 971.
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἀήρ - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.

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