工匠

Chinese

		work; worker; skill work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labour	craftsman
simp. and trad. (工匠)		工	匠

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gōngjiàng

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥㄐㄧㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung¹ zoeng⁶
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): kang-chhiūⁿ / kang-chhiōⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gōngjiàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥㄐㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gongjiàng
  - Wade–Giles: kung¹-chiang⁴
  - Yale: gūng-jyàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongjianq
  - Palladius: гунцзян (gunczjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung¹ zoeng⁶
  - Yale: gūng jeuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹ dzoeng⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung¹ zêng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ʃœːŋ²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-chhiūⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kang-tshiūnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangchviu
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕʰiũ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ³³ t͡ɕʰiũ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡ɕʰiũ²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-chhiōⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kang-tshiōnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangchvioi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡ɕʰiɔ̃²²/

Middle Chinese: kuwng dzjangH

Rime
Character	工	匠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古紅切	疾亮切
Baxter	kuwng	dzjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuŋ/	/d͡zɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kuŋ/	/d͡ziɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuŋ/	/d͡ziɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwŋ/	/d͡zɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/kuŋ/	/d͡ziaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/kuŋ/	/d͡zĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuŋ/	/d͡zʱi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gōng	jiàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung¹	zoeng⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤoŋ s.baŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*koːŋ sbaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	工	匠
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gōng	jiàng
Middle Chinese	‹ kuwng ›	‹ dzjang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁoŋ/	/*s.baŋ-s/
English	work	craftsman
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	工	匠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4022	6268
Phonetic component	工	匚
Rime group	東	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	公	匠
Old Chinese	/*koːŋ/	/*sbaŋs/

Noun

工匠

artisan; craftsman
工匠精神 ― gōngjiàng jīngshén ― craftsman's spirit

Synonyms

廚工／厨工 (Min Nan)

Derived terms

工匠精神 (gōngjiàng jīngshén)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (工匠):

→ Japanese: 工(こう)匠(しょう) (kōshō)
→ Korean: 공장(工匠) (gongjang)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
工	匠
こう Grade: 2	しょう Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーしょー [kòóshóó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɕo̞ː]

Noun

工(こう)匠(しょう) • (kōshō) ^{←こうしやう (kousyau)^?}

craftsman

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
工	匠

Noun

工匠 • (gongjang) (hangeul 공장)

Hanja form^? of 공장 (“craftsman”).

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