腋

腋	U+814B, 腋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-814B

← 腊
[U+814A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

腌 →
[U+814C]

Translingual

Han character

腋 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月卜人大 (BYOK), four-corner 7024₇, composition ⿰月夜)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 986, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29615
Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2090, character 5
Unihan data for U+814B

Chinese

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Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (亦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
夜	*laːɡs
鵺	*laːɡs
迹	*ʔsleːɡ
跡	*ʔsleːɡ
亦	*laːɡ
弈	*laːɡ
奕	*laːɡ
帟	*laːɡ
腋	*laːɡ
掖	*laːɡ
焲	*laːɡ
液	*laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 肉 (“flesh”) + phonetic 夜 (OC *laːɡs).

Originally written 亦, see there for more.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ *C-jak (“arm; hand; wing”), either via *jak (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007) or *lak (Shi, 2000; Handel, 2009). Compare Mizo zak (“armpit”), Tibetan ལག་པ (lag pa, “arm; hand”), Burmese လက် (lak, “arm; hand”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yè, yì

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ, ㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ye⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jik⁶, jat⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yit⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yi̍t

(Meixian, Guangdong): yid⁶
Min Dong (BUC): ĭk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): e̍k / ia̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): êg⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁸yiq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ie⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yè
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yè
  - Wade–Giles: yeh⁴
  - Yale: yè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh
  - Palladius: е (je)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ye⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ie
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɛ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik⁶, jat⁶
  - Yale: yihk, yaht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹, jat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶, yed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/, /jɐt̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yit⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jit̚³²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: êg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ek̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yiq
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ⁵hhiq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦiɪʔ¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ie⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɪ̯e̞⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: yek

Rime
Character	腋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	清 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊益切
Baxter	yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)Ak/

(Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ yek ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ](r)Ak/
English	armpit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腋
Reading #	1/1
No.	15000
Phonetic component	亦
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	繹
Old Chinese	/*laːɡ/

Definitions

腋

armpit; underarm; axilla
(botany) axil
^† Alternative form of 掖 (“to help; to assist”)

Synonyms

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Compounds

一狐之腋
一腋
事生肘腋
兩腋生風／两腋生风
兩腋風生／两腋风生
千狐腋
山腋
提腋
狐腋
禍生肘腋／祸生肘腋 (huòshēngzhǒuyè)
縫腋／缝腋
肘腋
肘腋之患
肘腋之憂／肘腋之忧
胸腋
腋下 (yèxià)
腋毛 (yèmáo)
腋氣／腋气
腋窩／腋窝 (yèwō)
腋翅
腋臊
腋臭 (yèchòu)
腋芽
葉腋／叶腋
變生肘腋／变生肘腋 (biànshēngzhǒuyè)
集腋
集腋成裘 (jíyèchéngqiú)
集腋為裘／集腋为裘
雉頭狐腋／雉头狐腋

Japanese

Kanji

腋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

armpit, underarm, axilla

Readings

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腋 (MC yek). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆡᆨ〮 (óyk) (Yale: óyk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɛk̚] ~ [e̞k̚]
Phonetic hangul: [액/엑]

Hanja

Wikisource 腋 (eumhun 겨드랑이 액 (gyeodeurang'i aek))

Hanja form^? of 액 (“armpit”).

Compounds

액모 (腋毛, aengmo)
액와 (腋窩, aegwa)
액취 (腋臭, aekchwi)
액취증 (腋臭症, aekchwijeung)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

腋: Hán Nôm readings: dạ; dịch; nách; nịch

Nôm form of nách (“armpit”).

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