ꜣpd

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈʀaːpVtʼ/ → /ˈʀaːpVtʼ/ → /ˈʔaːpətʼ/ → /ˈʔoːpətʼ/

Noun
Ap
d		 G38

 m

  1. a bird in general
    • Tomb of Senbi, Rock Tombs at Meir:[1]
      amaAT14r
      G38      		 Z3
      ꜥmꜥꜣ r ꜣpdw
      Throwing at the birds.
  2. small waterfowl, perhaps particularly a duck

Usage notes
Note that the bird hieroglyph is G38
G38
, not the nearly identical G39
G39
.

As a word for birds in general, ꜣpd is found contrasted against words for fish, beetles, etc. In Late Egyptian the word is commonly used in similes for helplessness, wherein people are likened to captured or bound birds.[2]

Inflection
Declension of ꜣpd (masculine)
singular Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
dual ꜣpdwj
plural ꜣpdw

Alternative forms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Demotic: jpt
    • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲱⲃⲉⲧ (ōbet)
    • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲱⲃⲧ (ōbt)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲱⲃⲧ (ōbt), ⲱϥⲧ (ōft)
    • → Ancient Greek: -ωβτ (-ōbt)[3]

See also

Proper noun
Ap
d		 G41N14

 m

  1. (astronomy) a constellation, literally ‘the Bird’, corresponding to modern Triangulum and Perseus

Alternative forms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Verb
Ap
d		 D54

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to come hastening, to rush onward (+ r: to, towards) [18th Dynasty; with preposition, Greco-Roman Period]
  2. (intransitive, of the heart) to beat more quickly out of love [Late Period]

Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣpd (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣpd, geminated stem: ꜣpdd
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 ꜣpdt
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 ḥr ꜣpd
 m ꜣpd
 r ꜣpd
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect ꜣpd.n
 consecutive ꜣpd.jn
terminative ꜣpdt
perfective3 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 obligative1 ꜣpd.ḫr
imperfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
prospective3 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 potentialis1 ꜣpd.kꜣ
subjunctive Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect ꜣpd.n
 — —
perfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
imperfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
prospective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 ꜣpdtj4, ꜣpdt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Verb
Ap
d		 G38

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive, hapax) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: [Late Period]
    1. to copulate with
    2. to hasten to, to rush to
    • 305 BCE, The Songs of Isis and Nephthys (pBremner-Rhind, British Museum EA10188,2), 5.22–5.27:[4][5]
      mHr
      r      		 WN31
      D54      		 rpr Z1
      k      		 straG7[[…]]
      G41AE1D52
      E1      		 wr
      r      		 nb
      t      		 nDmmnDmmD53Ap
      d      		 G38
      k      		 T23iB1
      k      		 stt
      H8      		 G7
      x
      r      		 sskA24
      k      		 F29t
      y      		 Aa2
      Z2ss      		 ir
      y      		 A48H[[a
      Z1 F51      		 Z2
      z      		 ]]Hp
      t      		 D32sW
      t      		 D35
      n      		 Hr
      r      		 N31
      D54
      k      		 r
      z
      m ḥrw r pr.k wsjr […] pꜣ kꜣ-wr nbt-nḏmnḏm ꜣpd.k snj.k ꜣst ḫrs.k stwtj jrj [ḥꜥw.s] ḥpt.s tw nn ḥr.k r.s
      Don’t go far from your house, Osiris. […] O Great Bull, Lord of Sexual Pleasure! Hurry to?/Copulate with? your sister Isis, drive out the pain-substance attached to [her body]: she will embrace you, you won’t draw away from her.

Usage notes

Perhaps identical with the above intransitive verb ‘to rush onward’, with an omission of the following preposition r.

Noun
Ap
d		 [[M3]]

 m

  1. Alternative form of jpdw (“furniture”)

References
  1. A. M. Blackman, The Rock Tombs of Meir, Vol. 1, pl. 2
  2. Grapow, Hermann (1924) Die bildlichen Ausdrücke des Aegyptischen: vom Denken und Dichten einer altorientalischen Sprache, page 91
  3. Blasco Torres, Ana Isabel (2017) Representing Foreign Sounds: Greek Transcriptions of Egyptian Anthroponyms from 800 BC to 800 AD, Leuven, Salamanca, page 665
  4. Faulkner, Raymond O. (1933) The Papyrus Bremner-Rhind (British Museum No. 10188), page 10
  5. Faulkner, Raymond O. (1936) “The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus-I” in The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, volume 22, pages 125, 136
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