< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dīkaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *dīkô[1]
Etymology
Uncertain.[1] Two Indo-European etymologies are plausible:
- From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, stab, dig”). Cognate with Latin fīgō (“pierce, pin, fasten, fix”), Lithuanian díegti (“to plant, implant, ingraft, prickle, stab”).[1]
- From pre-Germanic *dīkkô ~ *dīkkaz with regular reduction, via Kluge's law from a Proto-Indo-European n-stem *dʰeyǵʰ-n-, gen. *dʰeyǵʰ-nó-, from *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to form”).[2]
Importantly, the former assumes an original meaning *“something dug out; ditch”, while the latter assumes *“something constructed”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdiː.kɑz/
Inflection
| masculine a-stemDeclension of *dīkaz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *dīkaz | *dīkōz, *dīkōs | |
| vocative | *dīk | *dīkōz, *dīkōs | |
| accusative | *dīką | *dīkanz | |
| genitive | *dīkas, *dīkis | *dīkǫ̂ | |
| dative | *dīkai | *dīkamaz | |
| instrumental | *dīkō | *dīkamiz | |
Descendants
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*đīkōn ~ *đīkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 72
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*dīka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 95
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