Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*hafilaz

Etymology

From *habjaną +‎ *-ilaz.

Noun

*habilaz m

That which raises or lifts; lifter.

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *habilaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habilaz	habilōz, habilōs
vocative	*habil	habilōz, habilōs
accusative	*habilą	*habilanz
genitive	habilas, habilis	*habilǫ̂
dative	*habilai	*habilamaz
instrumental	*habilō	*habilamiz

Related terms

*habadlaz

Descendants

Note: Some descendants of this word were conflated with the descendant of *habadlaz (“lifter”), of similar form and meaning.

Proto-West Germanic: *habil
- Old English: hebel, hefel (in hefelþrǣd); (hefeld?)
  - Middle English: hefel, hevel, heveld, held
    - English: heavel, havel
- Old Saxon: *hevil; (hebild)
  - Middle Low German: hevel (in hevelgarn); (hevelte?)
    - German Low German: Hevel
    - → Saterland Frisian: Heeuwelte
- Old Dutch: *hevilo
  - Middle Dutch: hevel (in heveldeech)
    - Dutch: hevel (possibly a reborrowing from German)
- Old High German: *hebil, *hefil, *hevil; *hebila, *hevila
  - Middle High German: hebel, hevel, hefel
    - Cimbrian: höbel
    - German: Hebel
    - → German Low German: Hebel
Old Norse: hefill
- Icelandic: hefill
- Norn: hevel
- Norwegian: hevel
- Swedish: hävel (dialectal, partly)
- → Scots: hevel
- ⇒ Scots: hivvle (verb)

References

Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)

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