Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/zaʀum

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɟ͡ʝaʀum/

Noun

*zaʀum

needle

Descendants

Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa
- Balinese: ᬚᬳᬸᬫ᭄
- Sasak-Sumbawa
  - Sasak: jarum
Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *zaʀum
- Bima: ndau
- Sumba-Flores
  - Ende-Manggarai
    - Central Flores
      - Rembong: zarun
    - Manggarai: jarung (borrowing from Makasar?)
- Proto-Oceanic: *saʀum
  - Admiralty Islands
    - Lou: soun pwik
  - Central-Eastern Oceanic
    - Southeast Solomonic
      - Bugotu-Gela-Guadalcanal
        Gela-Guadalcanal
        Gelic
        Gela: ihalu
      - Longgu-Malaita-Makira
        Malaita-Makira
        Makira
        Arosi: taru
        
        Malaita
        Southern Malaita
        'Are'are: tarua
  - Central Pacific
    - East Fijian-Polynesian
      - Proto-Polynesian: *au (see there for further descendants)
  - St. Matthias
    - Mussau-Emira: raum
  - Western Oceanic
    - Huon Gulf
      - Markham
        Lower Markham
        Wampar: so
    - North New Guinea
      - Ngero
        Bariai
        Kove: salumu
        
        Tuam
        Gitua: sarum
    - Meso-Melanesian
      - Northwest Solomonic
        Nehan-Bougainville
        Halia-Hakö
        Halia: salem
        
        Nehan: harum
Proto-Chamic: *jrum
- Eastern Cham: jarum
- Jarai: jrum
- Western Cham: [script needed] (jrum)
Greater Barito
- Sama-Bajau
  - Yakan: dalum
Proto-Malayic: *jarum
- Ibanic
  - Iban: jarum
- Malayan
  - Malay: jarum
    - Indonesian: jarum
Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands
- Proto-Batak: *jarum
  - Karo Batak: jarum
  - Toba Batak: jarum, manjarum
Old Javanese:
- Javanese: dom, ngedom
Palauan: rasm, merasm
Proto-Philippine: *daʀum (see there for further descendants)
Rejang: dolom
Proto-South Sulawesi:
- Makasar: jarung

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