< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/věděti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, *waistei, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyde (“to have seen, to know”), perfect of *weyd- (“to see”). Cognate with Old Prussian waist (“to know”) (waidimai class 1p. pl.), Ancient Greek οἶδα (oîda), Proto-Germanic *witaną (whence English wit).

Verb

*vě̀děti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to know, to be familiar/aware of
  2. to foresee

Alternative forms
  • *věsti

Conjugation
Conjugation of *věděti, *vědě, *věstь (impf., athematic -ě/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*věděnьje *věděti *vědětъ *vědělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *věděnъ *vědomъ
Active *věděvъ *vědy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *věděxъ*vědě*vědě *vě(mь/dě)*věsi*věstь
Dual *věděxově*věděsta*věděste *věvě*věsta*věste
Plural *věděxomъ*věděste*věděšę *věmъ*věste*vědętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *věděaxъ*věděaše*věděaše —*věďь*věďь
Dual *věděaxově*věděašeta*věděašete *vědivě*vědita—
Plural *věděaxomъ*věděašete*věděaxǫ *vědimъ*vědite—

There is partial evidence that *věsti ~ Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) originally had a different set of inflectional endings from the standardly used active endings. Only 1p. sg. *vědě[4][5] is securely attested, e.g. as part of:

Old Church Slavonic азъ боукꙑ вѣдѣ глаголити добро (azŭ buky vědě glagoliti dobro, “I know to speak letters well”)

which is formed by the names of the first five letters of the Glagolitic/Cyrillic alphabet.

Derived terms
  • *vědati (factitive)
  • *ověsti sę, *ověděti sę (“to get familiar with”)
  • *perdъvěsti, *perdъvěděti (“to prelude”)
  • *pověsti, *pověděti (“to decree, to preach”)
  • *sъvěsti, *sъvěděti (“to notify, to inform”)
  • *věďa, *věděnьje (“knowledge”)
  • *vědь (“awareness, prophesy”)
  • *vědьma (“witch”)
  • *věstь (“message”)
  • *vědomъ (“aware”)
  • *věščь (“proficient, wise”)
  • *věstъ (“known”)

Descendants

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*věděti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 518: “v. ‘know’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “věděti: věmь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c vide (PR 139)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “vedeti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vě̋děti, sed. *vě(d)mь̏”
  4. Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ведь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  5. Anikin, A. E. (2012), “ведь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 174
  6. Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “вѣдѣти, вѣдѣ и вѣсти, вѣмь”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, вѣдѣ и вѣсти, вѣмь column 481
  7. Barkhudarov, S. G., editor (1975), “вѣдѣти и вѣсти, вѣмь”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 2 (в – волога), Moscow: Nauka, page 45
  8. “ве́сти”, in Slovarʹ russkix narodnyx govorov [Dictionary of Russian Dialects] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nauka, 1965–
  9. Křesćan Pful, editor (1866), “wědźeć”, in Łužiski serbski słownik / Lausitzisch Wendisches Wörterbuch (in German), Budyšin: Maćica Serbska, page 775
  10. Křesćan Pful, editor (1866), “wjedźeć”, in Łužiski serbski słownik / Lausitzisch Wendisches Wörterbuch (in German), Budyšin: Maćica Serbska, page 789

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “ве́дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 137
  • Anikin, A. E. (2012), “вѣ́дѣти”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 165
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ведать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вям, веш”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 140
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