autism
English
Etymology
From German Autismus, coined by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler, first usage dated to 1907 attributed by Carl Jung as an alternative of his for "auto-erotism",[1] although Bleuler himself differentiates the terms in his book Dementia Praecox, first published 1911.[2] From Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “self”) + -ισμός (-ismós, “-ism”).[3]
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: ôʹtĭzəm, IPA(key): /ˈɔːtɪzəm/
- (cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /ˈɑtɪzəm/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Hyphenation: aut‧ism
Noun
autism (usually uncountable, plural autisms)
- (clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication, language development, eye contact, and sensory experiences.
- 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, London: The Economist Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-07-27, pages 72–3:
- Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.
- (broadly) Synonym of autism spectrum; a range of disorders.
- (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.
- (Internet slang, offensive, derogatory or self-deprecatory) Abnormal and unhealthy focus or persistence, stereotypically coupled with low self-awareness and unhealthy hatred of opposition or criticism.
- weaponized autism
Synonyms
- (autism spectrum): autistic spectrum
Hypernyms
(the specific, instead of the generalized range):
- autism (the generalized range, instead of the specific)
- autism spectrum
- autistic spectrum
- autism spectrum disorder
- autistic spectrum disorder
- neurodivergence
- neurodiversity
Hyponyms
(autism spectrum):
- Asperger syndrome / Asperger's syndrome / Asperger's / Asperger
- autism (the specific, instead of the generalized form)
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
Translations
neurological disorder
|
See also
References
- Sigmund Freud; Carl Jung (1974), Ralph Manheim, R.F.C. Hull, transl.; William McGuire, editor, The Freud/Jung Letters, 1st edition, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, 24j, pages 44-5:
- Bleuler still misses a clear definition of autoerotism and its specifically psychological effects. He has, however, accepted the concept for his Dem. pr. contribution to Aschaffenburg’s Handbook. He doesn't want to say autoerotism (for reasons we all know), but prefers “autism” or “ipsism.” I have already got accustomed to “autoerotism.”
- Paul Eugen Bleuler (1911), chapter 1, in Gustav Aschaffenburg, editor, Dementia Praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien [Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias], Leipzig and Vienna: Franz Deuticke, archived from the original on 2022-01-03, B.α, page 52
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “autism”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Estonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑu̯ˈtism/, [ɑu̯ˈtʲisˑm̥]
- Hyphenation: au‧tism
- Rhymes: -ism
Inflection
Declension of autism (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | autism | autismid |
| genitive | autismi | autismide |
| partitive | autismi | autisme autismisid |
| illative | autismi autismisse |
autismidesse autismesse |
| inessive | autismis | autismides autismes |
| elative | autismist | autismidest autismest |
| allative | autismile | autismidele autismele |
| adessive | autismil | autismidel autismel |
| ablative | autismilt | autismidelt autismelt |
| translative | autismiks | autismideks autismeks |
| terminative | autismini | autismideni |
| essive | autismina | autismidena |
| abessive | autismita | autismideta |
| comitative | autismiga | autismidega |
References
- autism in Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik
- M. Langemets, M. Tiits, T. Valdre, L. Veskis, Ü. Viks, P. Voll, editors (2009), “autism”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (online dictionary, in Estonian), 2nd edition, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation)
- autism in Raadik, M., editor (2018), Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, →ISBN
- autism in Sõnaveeb
Romanian
Swedish
Declension
| Declension of autism | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uncountable | ||||
| Indefinite | Definite | |||
| Nominative | autism | autismen | — | — |
| Genitive | autisms | autismens | — | — |
References
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.