banir
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese banir (att. 1371), from Old French banir, from Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baˈniɾ/
Verb
banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite banín, past participle banido)
banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite banim or bani, past participle banido, reintegrationist norm)
- (literary) to banish
- 1371, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:
- por quanto estaua a dita iglesia e cidade interdicta, por quanto os do Concello da dita cidade se alçaran con el Rey de Portugal et con dom Fernando de Castro et banyron dende a o arcibispo dom Rodrigo, e se le alçaran con o señorio da dita cidade;
- because this city and cathedral was interdicted, because the people of the council of this city rose up with the king of Portugal and with Don Fernando de Castro and banished hence the bishop Don Rodrigo, and they acquired the lordship of the city
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | banir | |||||
| Personal | banir | banires | banir | banirmos | banirdes | baniren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| banindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | banido | banidos | ||||
| Feminine | banida | banidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | bano | banes | bane | banimos | banides | banen |
| Imperfect | banía | banías | banía | baniamos | baniades | banían |
| Preterite | banín | baniches | baniu | banimos | banistes | baniron |
| Pluperfect | banira | baniras | banira | baniramos | banirades | baniran |
| Future | banirei | banirás | banirá | baniremos | baniredes | banirán |
| Conditional | baniría | banirías | baniría | baniriamos | baniriades | banirían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | bana | banas | bana | banamos | banades | banan |
| Imperfect | banise | banises | banise | banísemos | banísedes | banisen |
| Future | banir | banires | banir | banirmos | banirdes | baniren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | bane | bana | banamos | banide | banan | |
| Negative (non) | non banas | non bana | non banamos | non banades | non banan | |
1Less recommended.
References
- “banyr” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “banyr” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “banir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “banir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French banir.
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | banir | avoir bani | |||||
| gerund | en banissant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | banissant | ||||||
| past participle | bani | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | banis | banis | banist | banissons | banissez | banissent |
| imperfect | banissoie, banisseie | banissoies, banisseies | banissoit, banisseit | banissiiens, banissiens | banissiiez, banissiez | banissoient, banisseient | |
| preterite | bani | banis | bani | banimes | banistes | banirent | |
| future | banirai | baniras | banira | banirons | baniroiz, banireiz, banirez | baniront | |
| conditional | baniroie, banireie | baniroies, banireies | baniroit, banireit | baniriiens, baniriens | baniriiez, baniriez | baniroient, banireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | banisse | banisses | banisse | banissons | banissez | banissent |
| imperfect | banisse | banisses | banist | banissons, banissiens | banissoiz, banissez, banissiez | banissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | banis | — | banissons | banissez | — | ||
Descendants
References
- banir on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1984), “bandir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 487
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese banir (att. 1371), from Old French banir, from Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /baˈni(ʁ)/ [baˈni(h)], /bɐˈni(ʁ)/ [bɐˈni(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /baˈni(ɾ)/, /bɐˈni(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /baˈni(ʁ)/ [baˈni(χ)], /bɐˈni(ʁ)/ [bɐˈni(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /baˈni(ɻ)/, /bɐˈni(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /bɐˈniɾ/
- Hyphenation: ba‧nir
Verb
banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite bani, past participle banido)
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | banir | |||||
| Personal | banir | banires | banir | banirmos | banirdes | banirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| banindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | banido | banidos | ||||
| Feminine | banida | banidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | banes | bane | banimos | banis | banem |
| Imperfect | bania | banias | bania | baníamos | baníeis | baniam |
| Preterite | bani | baniste | baniu | banimos | banistes | baniram |
| Pluperfect | banira | baniras | banira | baníramos | baníreis | baniram |
| Future | banirei | banirás | banirá | baniremos | banireis | banirão |
| Conditional | baniria | banirias | baniria | baniríamos | baniríeis | baniriam |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Imperfect | banisse | banisses | banisse | baníssemos | banísseis | banissem |
| Future | banir | banires | banir | banirmos | banirdes | banirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | bane | — | — | bani | — | |
| Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — | |
Further reading
- “banir” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “banir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.