discernir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin discernere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

Verb

discernir (first-person singular present discerneixo, first-person singular preterite discerní, past participle discernit)

  1. (transitive) to distinguish, discern

Conjugation
    Conjugation of discernir (third conjugation, with -eix-)
infinitive discernir
gerund discernint
past participle masculine feminine
singular discernit discernida
plural discernits discernides
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present discerneixo discerneixes discerneix discernim discerniu discerneixen
imperfect discernia discernies discernia discerníem discerníeu discernien
future discerniré discerniràs discernirà discernirem discernireu discerniran
preterite discerní discernires discerní discernírem discerníreu discerniren
conditional discerniria discerniries discerniria discerniríem discerniríeu discernirien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present discerneixi discerneixis discerneixi discernim discerniu discerneixin
imperfect discernís discernissis discernís discerníssim discerníssiu discernissin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — discerneix discerneixi discernim discerniu discerneixin
negative (no) — no discerneixis no discerneixi no discernim no discerniu no discerneixin

Derived terms

Further reading

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin discernere (“to separate, divide, distinguish, discern”), from dis- (“apart”) + cernere (“to separate”), present active infinitive of cernō, from Proto-Indo-European *krey-.

Verb

discernir (first-person singular present discirno, third-person singular present discirne, first-person singular preterite discernín, past participle discernido)
discernir (first-person singular present discirno, third-person singular present discerne, first-person singular preterite discernim or discerni, past participle discernido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to distinguish, discern

Conjugation
    Conjugation of discernir (e becomes i when stressed)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti)		 Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal discernir
Personal discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discerniren
Gerund
discernindo
Past participle
Masculine discernido discernidos
Feminine discernida discernidas
Indicative
Present discirno discirnes discirne discernimos discernides discirnen
Imperfect discernía discernías discernía discerniamos discerniades discernían
Preterite discernín discerniches discerniu discernimos discernistes discerniron
Pluperfect discernira discerniras discernira discerniramos discernirades discerniran
Future discernirei discernirás discernirá discerniremos discerniredes discernirán
Conditional discerniría discernirías discerniría discerniriamos discerniriades discernirían
Subjunctive
Present discirna discirnas discirna discirnamos discirnades discirnan
Imperfect discernise discernises discernise discernísemos discernísedes discernisen
Future discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discerniren
Imperative
Affirmative discirne discirna discirnamos discernide discirnan
Negative (non) non discirnas non discirna non discirnamos non discirnades non discirnan
    Reintegrated conjugation of discernir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti / tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal discernir
Personal discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discernirem
Gerund
discernindo
Past participle
Masculine discernido discernidos
Feminine discernida discernidas
Indicative
Present discirno discernes discerne discernimos discernides, discernis discernem
Imperfect discernia discernias discernia discerníamos discerníades, discerníeis, discerníais1 discerniam
Preterite discernim, discerni discerniste, discerniche1 discerniu discernimos discernistes discernírom, discerniram
Pluperfect discernira discerniras discernira discerníramos discernírades, discerníreis, discernírais1 discerniram
Future discernirei discernirás discernirá discerniremos discerniredes, discernireis discernirám, discernirão
Conditional discerniria discernirias discerniria discerniríamos discerniríades, discerniríeis, discerniríais1 discerniriam
Subjunctive
Present discirna discirnas discirna discirnamos discirnades, discirnais discirnam
Imperfect discernisse discernisses discernisse discerníssemos discerníssedes, discernísseis discernissem
Future discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discernirem
Imperative
Affirmative discerne discirna discirnamos discernide, discerni discirnam
Negative (nom) nom discirnas nom discirna nom discirnamos nom discirnades, nom discirnais nom discirnam

1Less recommended.

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin discernere (“to separate, divide, distinguish, discern”), from dis- (“apart”) + cernere (“to separate”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey-.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /d͡ʒi.seʁˈni(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.seɦˈni(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /d͡ʒi.seɾˈni(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /d͡ʒi.seʁˈni(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.seʁˈni(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /d͡ʒi.seɻˈni(ɻ)/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /diʃ.sɨɾˈniɾ/, (natural pronunciation) /di.ʃɨɾˈniɾ/

  • Hyphenation: dis‧cer‧nir

Verb

discernir (first-person singular present discirno, third-person singular present discerne, first-person singular preterite discerni, past participle discernido)

  1. to distinguish, discern

Conjugation
    Conjugation of discernir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal discernir
Personal discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discernirem
Gerund
discernindo
Past participle
Masculine discernido discernidos
Feminine discernida discernidas
Indicative
Present discirno discernes discerne discernimos discernis discernem
Imperfect discernia discernias discernia discerníamos discerníeis discerniam
Preterite discerni discerniste discerniu discernimos discernistes discerniram
Pluperfect discernira discerniras discernira discerníramos discerníreis discerniram
Future discernirei discernirás discernirá discerniremos discernireis discernirão
Conditional discerniria discernirias discerniria discerniríamos discerniríeis discerniriam
Subjunctive
Present discirna discirnas discirna discirnamos discirnais discirnam
Imperfect discernisse discernisses discernisse discerníssemos discernísseis discernissem
Future discernir discernires discernir discernirmos discernirdes discernirem
Imperative
Affirmative discerne discirna discirnamos discerni discirnam
Negative (não) não discirnas não discirna não discirnamos não discirnais não discirnam

References

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin discernere (“to separate, divide, distinguish, discern”), from dis- (“apart”) + cernere (“to separate”), present active infinitive of cernō, from Proto-Indo-European *krey-.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): (Spain) /disθeɾˈniɾ/ [d̪is.θeɾˈniɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /diseɾˈniɾ/ [d̪i.seɾˈniɾ]
  • Rhymes: -iɾ
  • Syllabification: dis‧cer‧nir

Verb

discernir (first-person singular present discierno, first-person singular preterite discerní, past participle discernido)

  1. to discern
    Synonym: adivinar
  2. to distinguish
    Synonym: distinguir

Conjugation
    Conjugation of discernir (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive discernir
gerund discerniendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular discernido discernida
plural discernidos discernidas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present discierno disciernestú
discernísvos		 discierne discernimos discernís disciernen
imperfect discernía discernías discernía discerníamos discerníais discernían
preterite discerní discerniste discernió discernimos discernisteis discernieron
future discerniré discernirás discernirá discerniremos discerniréis discernirán
conditional discerniría discernirías discerniría discerniríamos discerniríais discernirían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present discierna disciernastú
discernásvos2		 discierna discernamos discernáis disciernan
imperfect
(ra)		 discerniera discernieras discerniera discerniéramos discernierais discernieran
imperfect
(se)		 discerniese discernieses discerniese discerniésemos discernieseis discerniesen
future1 discerniere discernieres discerniere discerniéremos discerniereis discernieren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative disciernetú
discernívos		 discierna discernamos discernid disciernan
negative no disciernas no discierna no discernamos no discernáis no disciernan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of discernir (e-ie alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive discernir
dative discernirme discernirte discernirle, discernirse discernirnos discerniros discernirles, discernirse
accusative discernirme discernirte discernirlo, discernirla, discernirse discernirnos discerniros discernirlos, discernirlas, discernirse
with gerund discerniendo
dative discerniéndome discerniéndote discerniéndole, discerniéndose discerniéndonos discerniéndoos discerniéndoles, discerniéndose
accusative discerniéndome discerniéndote discerniéndolo, discerniéndola, discerniéndose discerniéndonos discerniéndoos discerniéndolos, discerniéndolas, discerniéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative discierne
dative disciérneme disciérnete disciérnele disciérnenos not used disciérneles
accusative disciérneme disciérnete disciérnelo, disciérnela disciérnenos not used disciérnelos, disciérnelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative discerní
dative discernime discernite discernile discerninos not used discerniles
accusative discernime discernite discernilo, discernila discerninos not used discernilos, discernilas
with formal second-person singular imperative discierna
dative disciérname not used disciérnale, disciérnase disciérnanos not used disciérnales
accusative disciérname not used disciérnalo, disciérnala, disciérnase disciérnanos not used disciérnalos, disciérnalas
with first-person plural imperative discernamos
dative not used discernámoste discernámosle discernámonos discernámoos discernámosles
accusative not used discernámoste discernámoslo, discernámosla discernámonos discernámoos discernámoslos, discernámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative discernid
dative discernidme not used discernidle discernidnos discerníos discernidles
accusative discernidme not used discernidlo, discernidla discernidnos discerníos discernidlos, discernidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative disciernan
dative disciérnanme not used disciérnanle disciérnannos not used disciérnanles, disciérnanse
accusative disciérnanme not used disciérnanlo, disciérnanla disciérnannos not used disciérnanlos, disciérnanlas, disciérnanse

Derived terms

Further reading
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