inimicus

From Proto-Italic *enamīkos. Equivalent to in- (“not”) +‎ amīcus (“friend”).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /i.niˈmiː.kus/, [ɪnɪˈmiːkʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /i.niˈmi.kus/, [iniˈmiːkus]

inimīcus m (genitive inimīcī); second declension

1. enemy, foe (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)

   Synonym: hostis

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inimīcus (feminine inimīca, neuter inimīcum, comparative inimicior, superlative inimicissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. unfriendly, hostile, inimical

   Synonyms: hostīlis, īnfestus, īnfēnsus, oblīquus, adversus, dīversus, āversus, inīquus

   Antonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis, benevolēns

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.67-68:

     “Gēns inimīca mihī Tyrrhēnum nāvigat aequor,
     Īlium in Ītaliam portāns vīctōsque Penātēs.”

     “A race inimical to me is sailing the calm Tyrrhenian Sea, bringing Ilium to Italy, along with [their] conquered household-gods.”
     (Juno is describing the Trojan war survivors led by Aeneas. See: Tyrrhenian Sea; Troy; Di Penates.)

2. injurious

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• French: ennemi
• Italian: nemico
• Spanish: enemigo

• “inimicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “inimicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• inimicus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• inimicus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Professor Kidd, et al. Collins Gem Latin Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers (Glasgow: 2004). →ISBN. page 180.