lumi
Aromanian
Alternative forms
- lume, alumi
Etymology
From Latin lūmen. See figurative meaning as the "light of life". Compare Megleno-Romanian lumi and Romanian lume.
Related terms
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈlumi]
- Audio:
(file) - Rhymes: -umi
- Hyphenation: lum‧i
Verb
lumi (present lumas, past lumis, future lumos, conditional lumus, volitive lumu)
- (intransitive) to shine
- La stratlampo ekster mia dormoĉambra fenestro tutnokte lumas, do mi ne bezonas dormolampon.
- The streetlight outside my bedroom window shines all night long so I do not need a night light.
Conjugation
Conjugation of lumi
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Related terms
See also
Estonian

Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome. Cognates include Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi, Livonian lum; Southern Sami lopme (from Proto-Samic *lomë); Erzya and Moksha лов (lov); Eastern Mari лум (lum), Western Mari лым (lym); Komi-Zyrian лым (lym), Udmurt лымы (lymy); Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°), [script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”), Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”), Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”), and possibly also dialectal/dated Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”).
Irregularly, the final consonant of the stem changes *m > n in the partitive singular, due to assimilation.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlumi/, [ˈlumi]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -umi
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
Noun
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lumi | lumed |
| genitive | lume | lumede |
| partitive | lumd | lumesid |
| illative | lumme lumesse |
lumedesse |
| inessive | lumes | lumedes |
| elative | lumest | lumedest |
| allative | lumele | lumedele |
| adessive | lumel | lumedel |
| ablative | lumelt | lumedelt |
| translative | lumeks | lumedeks |
| terminative | lumeni | lumedeni |
| essive | lumena | lumedena |
| abessive | lumeta | lumedeta |
| comitative | lumega | lumedega |
Derived terms
- lumetama
- lumine
Compounds
- ajulumi
- hooglumi
- igilumi
- kidulumi
- kunstlumi
- pihulumi
- sulalumi
- sõmerlumi
- süsihappelumi
- tagilumi
- tehislumi
- teralumi
- tuhklumi
- tuisklumi
- õielumi
- lumeebe
- lumeehmes
- lumehang
- lumehelves
- lumehoog
- lumeinimene
- lumejalats
- lumekahjustus
- lumekahur
- lumekakk
- lumekamakas
- lumekamp
- lumekaos
- lumekate
- lumekibe
- lumeking
- lumekirmetis
- lumekits
- lumeklomp
- lumekohr
- lumekoorem
- lumekoorik
- lumekruup
- lumekuhjatis
- lumekübe
- lumelaadur
- lumelabidas
- lumelage
- lumelagendik
- lumelagu
- lumelagunemine
- lumelahmakas
- lumelasu
- lumelatakas
- lumelaud
- lumelaviin
- lumeleopard
- lumelinn
- lumelisa
- lumelobjakas
- lumeloor
- lumelödi
- lumelöga
- lumelörts
- lumemees
- lumememm
- lumeminek
- lumemurd
- lumemöll
- lumemüts
- lumeonn
- lumeookean
- lumepall
- lumeparka
- lumepihu
- lumepiir
- lumepilv
- lumepime
- lumepimestus
- lumeprill
- lumepuder
- lumepuru
- lumepuudus
- lumepüü
- lumeraja
- lumeredel
- lumerikas
- lumerohke
- lumeroos
- lumerõngas
- lumeräitsakas
- lumeräitse
- lumerüü
- lumesadu
- lumesahk
- lumeskulptuur
- lumesulamine
- lumesõda
- lumetee
- lumetekk
- lumetolm
- lumetorm
- lumetuhk
- lumetuisk
- lumetõke
- lumetätar
- lumeuputus
- lumevaal
- lumevaba
- lumevaene
- lumevaip
- lumevalev
- lumevall
- lumevang
- lumevangistus
- lumeveere
- lumevesi
- lumevärav
- lumikate
- lumikelluke
- lumimari
- lumionn
- lumipesu
- lumipimedus
- lumivalge
References
- lumi in Sõnaveeb
- M. Langemets, M. Tiits, T. Valdre, L. Veskis, Ü. Viks, P. Voll, editors (2009), “lumi”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (online dictionary, in Estonian), 2nd edition, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation)
Fijian
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Pacific *lumu, from Proto-Oceanic *lumut, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *lumut, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *lumut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumut.
Finnish


Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlumi/, [ˈlumi]
- Rhymes: -umi
- Syllabification(key): lu‧mi
Declension
| Inflection of lumi (Kotus type 25/toimi, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lumi | lumet | ||
| genitive | lumen | lumien lunten | ||
| partitive | lunta lumea |
lumia | ||
| illative | lumeen | lumiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | lumi | lumet | ||
| accusative | nom. | lumi | lumet | |
| gen. | lumen | |||
| genitive | lumen | lumien lunten | ||
| partitive | lunta lumea |
lumia | ||
| inessive | lumessa | lumissa | ||
| elative | lumesta | lumista | ||
| illative | lumeen | lumiin | ||
| adessive | lumella | lumilla | ||
| ablative | lumelta | lumilta | ||
| allative | lumelle | lumille | ||
| essive | lumena | lumina | ||
| translative | lumeksi | lumiksi | ||
| abessive | lumetta | lumitta | ||
| instructive | — | lumin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of lumi (Kotus type 25/toimi, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
Compounds
- ensilumi
- höytylumi
- irtolumi
- lumenajo
- lumenlähtö
- lumenmurto
- lumiaita
- lumiaura
- lumienkeli
- lumierä
- lumihanki
- lumihiutale
- lumihome
- lumihuippu
- lumikeli
- lumikello
- lumikenkä
- lumikenttä
- lumikerros
- lumiketju
- lumiketjut
- lumikide
- lumikinkku
- lumikinos
- lumikola
- lumikurki
- lumikuuro
- lumilapio
- lumilauta
- lumilautailu
- lumileiri
- lumilinko
- lumilinna
- lumiluola
- lumilyhty
- lumimaja
- lumimarja
- lumimarjapensas
- lumimassa
- lumimies
- lumimittari
- lumimyrsky
- lumipaakku
- lumipallo
- lumipalloheisi
- lumipeite
- lumipisara
- lumipuku
- lumipyry
- lumirae
- lumiraja
- lumiryöppy
- lumiräntä
- lumisade
- lumisohjo
- lumisokeus
- lumisota
- lumituho
- lumituisku
- lumitykki
- lumityö
- lumitähti
- lumiukko
- lumivaippa
- lumivalkoinen
- lumivalli
- lumiveistos
- lumivuohi
- lumivyöry
- nuoskalumi
- pakkaslumi
- perunalumi
- puuterilumi
- pyrylumi
- räntälumi
- sohjolumi
- tekolumi
- tykkilumi
- tykkylumi
- vitilumi
Further reading
- “lumi”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Hawaiian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Icelandic
Ingrian

Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlumi/, [ˈɫumi]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlumi/, [ˈɫumi]
- Rhymes: -umi
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
Noun
lumi
- snow
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 37:
- Luikot lentäät - lumi tulloo.
- The swans fly - snow is coming.
Declension
| Declension of lumi (type 5/keeli, no gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | lumi | lumet |
| genitive | lumen | lummiin, lumiloin |
| partitive | lunta, lunt | lummia, lumiloja |
| illative | lummee | lummii, lumiloihe |
| inessive | lumes | lumis, lumilois |
| elative | lumest | lumist, lumiloist |
| allative | lumelle | lumille, lumiloille |
| adessive | lumel | lumil, lumiloil |
| ablative | lumelt | lumilt, lumiloilt |
| translative | lumeks | lumiks, lumiloiks |
| essive | lumenna, lummeen | luminna, lumiloinna, lummiin, lumiloin |
| exessive1) | lument | lumint, lumiloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 280
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlu.mi/
- Rhymes: -umi
- Hyphenation: lù‧mi
Anagrams
Karelian
| North Karelian (Viena) |
lumi |
|---|---|
| South Karelian (Tver) |
lumi |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlumi/
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
Declension
| Viena Karelian declension of lumi (type 9/lumi, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | lumi | lumet | |
| genitive | lumen | lumien | |
| partitive | lunta | lumija | |
| illative | lumih | lumiloih | |
| inessive | lumešša | lumiloissa | |
| elative | lumešta | lumiloista | |
| adessive | lumella | lumiloilla | |
| ablative | lumelta | lumiloilta | |
| translative | lumekši | lumiloiksi | |
| essive | lumina | lumiloina | |
| comitative | — | lumiloineh | |
| abessive | lumetta | lumiloitta | |
| Tver Karelian declension of lumi (type 9/lumi, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | lumi | lumet | |
| genitive | lumen | lumiloin | |
| partitive | lunda | lumiloida | |
| illative | lumih | lumiloih | |
| inessive | lumešša | lumiloissa | |
| elative | lumešta | lumiloista | |
| adessive | lumella | lumiloilla | |
| ablative | lumelda | lumiloilda | |
| translative | lumekši | lumiloiksi | |
| essive | lumina | lumiloina | |
| comitative | lumenke | lumiloinke | |
| abessive | lumetta | lumiloitta | |
| Possessive forms of lumi | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | lumeni | |
| 2nd person | lumeš | |
| 3rd person | lumeh | |
| *) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. | ||
Derived terms
References
- A. V. Punzhina (1994), “lumi”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
- P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “снег”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈluː.mɪ/
Megleno-Romanian
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lumʲ]
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Caló lumí (“concubine, beloved”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love”). Cognate with Carpathian and Sinte Romani lubni (“whore”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlumi/ [ˈlu.mi]
- Rhymes: -umi
- Syllabification: lu‧mi
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
- IPA(key): /ˈlumiʔ/, [ˈlu.mɪʔ]
Noun
lumì
Derived terms
- kalumian
- malumi
- paglumi
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
- IPA(key): /ˈlumiʔ/, [ˈlu.mɪʔ]
- IPA(key): /luˈmiʔ/, [lʊˈmiʔ]
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
- IPA(key): /ˈlumiʔ/, [ˈlu.mɪʔ]
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome.
Inflection
| Inflection of lumi (inflection type 14/lumi) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative sing. | lumi | ||
| genitive sing. | lumen | ||
| partitive sing. | lunt | ||
| partitive plur. | lumid | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | lumi | lumed | |
| accusative | lumen | lumed | |
| genitive | lumen | lumiden | |
| partitive | lunt | lumid | |
| essive-instructive | lumen | lumin | |
| translative | lumeks | lumikš | |
| inessive | lumes | lumiš | |
| elative | lumespäi | lumišpäi | |
| illative | lumehe | lumihe | |
| adessive | lumel | lumil | |
| ablative | lumelpäi | lumilpäi | |
| allative | lumele | lumile | |
| abessive | lumeta | lumita | |
| comitative | lumenke | lumidenke | |
| prolative | luntme | lumidme | |
| approximative I | lumenno | lumidenno | |
| approximative II | lumennoks | lumidennoks | |
| egressive | lumennopäi | lumidennopäi | |
| terminative I | lumehesai | lumihesai | |
| terminative II | lumelesai | lumilesai | |
| terminative III | lumessai | — | |
| additive I | lumehepäi | lumihepäi | |
| additive II | lumelepäi | lumilepäi | |
Derived terms
- lumilaud
- lumineičukaine
- lumiuk
- lumiänik
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “снег”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Võro
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlumʲi/
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lumi | lumõq |
| accusative | lumõ | lumõq |
| genitive | lumõ | lummi |
| partitive | lummõ | lummi |
| illative | lummõ | lummi(he) |
| inessive | lumõn lumõhn |
lu(m)min lu(m)mihn |
| elative | lumõst | lu(m)mist |
| allative | lumõlõ | lu(m)milõ |
| adessive | lumõl | lu(m)mil |
| ablative | lumõlt | lu(m)milt |
| translative | lumõs | lu(m)mis |
| terminative | lumõniq | lu(m)miniq |
| abessive | lumõldaq | lu(m)mildaq |
| comitative | lumõgaq | lummigaq |
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome.
Pronunciation
- (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈlumi/, [ˈɫumʲi]
- Rhymes: -umi
- Hyphenation: lu‧mi
Inflection
| Declension of lumi (type X/tuli, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | lumi | lumõd |
| genitive | lumõ | lumijõ, lumii |
| partitive | luntõ | lumiitõ, lumii |
| illative | lummõ, lummõsõ | lumiisõ |
| inessive | lumõz | lumiiz |
| elative | lumõssõ | lumiissõ |
| allative | lumõlõ | lumiilõ |
| adessive | lumõllõ | lumiillõ |
| ablative | lumõltõ | lumiiltõ |
| translative | lumõssi | lumiissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “lumi”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn