rideo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Uncertain origin. Roberts assigns Proto-Indo-European *wert- in the sense of turning the mouth to smile; de Vaan finds no credible Indo-European origin and rejects connections to Sanskrit व्रीडते (vrīḍate, “to be shy, bashful”).

Pronunciation

Verb

rīdeō (present infinitive rīdēre, perfect active rīsī, supine rīsum); second conjugation

  1. (intransitive) to laugh
    Synonym: cachinnō
    Antonym: fleō
  2. (transitive) to laugh at, ridicule, mock
    Synonyms: lūdificō, ēlūdō, trādūcō
    • 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.356:
      rīdet amātōrem Lȳdā puella suum.
      The Lydian girl laughs at her [would-be] lover.
    • 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 3.497:
      GNATHŌ: Hahahae.
      THRASŌ: Quid rīdēs?
      GNATHO: Hahaha!
      THRASO: What are you laughing at?

Conjugation

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Derived terms

Descendants

Reflexes of the Late Latin variant rīdĕre:[1]

Reflexes of an assumed variant *rīdīre:[2]

  • Aragonese: redir, reyir, arreguir
  • Asturian: rir
  • Leonese: rire, reyire, riyire
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: riir
  • Spanish: reír

References
  1. Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “rīdēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 10: R, page 399
  2. Williams, Edwin B. 1962. From Latin to Portuguese: Historical phonology and morphology of the Portuguese language. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Page 232.

Further reading
  • “rideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “rideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • rideo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, volume II, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Spanish

Verb

rideo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of ridear
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