wardo
Latin
Etymology
Borrowed from Frankish *wardōn (“to guard, protect”).
Supposedly attested in the seventh century in the form guardāre, but this has yet to be confirmed.[1] The earliest certain attestation appears to be the prefixed rewardant in the Reichenau Glossary.
Verb
wardō (present infinitive wardāre, perfect active wardāvī, supine wardātum); first conjugation (Early Medieval Latin)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of wardō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | wardō | wardās | wardat | wardāmus | wardātis | wardant |
| imperfect | wardābam | wardābās | wardābat | wardābāmus | wardābātis | wardābant | |
| future | wardābō | wardābis | wardābit | wardābimus | wardābitis | wardābunt | |
| perfect | wardāvī | wardāvistī | wardāvit | wardāvimus | wardāvistis | wardāvērunt, wardāvēre | |
| pluperfect | wardāveram | wardāverās | wardāverat | wardāverāmus | wardāverātis | wardāverant | |
| future perfect | wardāverō | wardāveris | wardāverit | wardāverimus | wardāveritis | wardāverint | |
| passive | present | wardor | wardāris, wardāre |
wardātur | wardāmur | wardāminī | wardantur |
| imperfect | wardābar | wardābāris, wardābāre |
wardābātur | wardābāmur | wardābāminī | wardābantur | |
| future | wardābor | wardāberis, wardābere |
wardābitur | wardābimur | wardābiminī | wardābuntur | |
| perfect | wardātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | wardātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | wardātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | wardem | wardēs | wardet | wardēmus | wardētis | wardent |
| imperfect | wardārem | wardārēs | wardāret | wardārēmus | wardārētis | wardārent | |
| perfect | wardāverim | wardāverīs | wardāverit | wardāverīmus | wardāverītis | wardāverint | |
| pluperfect | wardāvissem | wardāvissēs | wardāvisset | wardāvissēmus | wardāvissētis | wardāvissent | |
| passive | present | warder | wardēris, wardēre |
wardētur | wardēmur | wardēminī | wardentur |
| imperfect | wardārer | wardārēris, wardārēre |
wardārētur | wardārēmur | wardārēminī | wardārentur | |
| perfect | wardātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | wardātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | wardā | — | — | wardāte | — |
| future | — | wardātō | wardātō | — | wardātōte | wardantō | |
| passive | present | — | wardāre | — | — | wardāminī | — |
| future | — | wardātor | wardātor | — | — | wardantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | wardāre | wardāvisse | wardātūrum esse | wardārī | wardātum esse | wardātum īrī | |
| participles | wardāns | — | wardātūrus | — | wardātus | wardandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| wardandī | wardandō | wardandum | wardandō | wardātum | wardātū | ||
Descendants
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: guardare
- Sicilian: guardari, vardari
- Padanian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
References
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “wardare”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 1129
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