धीर
Hindi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /d̪ʱiːɾ/
- Rhymes: -iːɾ
References
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “धीर”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
- “धीर”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “धीर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “धीर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884), “धीर”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension table of "धीर" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | धीरो (dhīro) | धीरा (dhīrā) |
| Accusative (second) | धीरं (dhīraṃ) | धीरे (dhīre) |
| Instrumental (third) | धीरेन (dhīrena) | धीरेहि (dhīrehi) or धीरेभि (dhīrebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | धीरस्स (dhīrassa) or धीराय (dhīrāya) or धीरत्थं (dhīratthaṃ) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | धीरस्मा (dhīrasmā) or धीरम्हा (dhīramhā) or धीरा (dhīrā) | धीरेहि (dhīrehi) or धीरेभि (dhīrebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | धीरस्स (dhīrassa) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | धीरस्मिं (dhīrasmiṃ) or धीरम्हि (dhīramhi) or धीरे (dhīre) | धीरेसु (dhīresu) |
| Vocative (calling) | धीर (dhīra) | धीरा (dhīrā) |
Declension table of "धीरा" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | धीरा (dhīrā) | धीरायो (dhīrāyo) or धीरा (dhīrā) |
| Accusative (second) | धीरं (dhīraṃ) | धीरायो (dhīrāyo) or धीरा (dhīrā) |
| Instrumental (third) | धीराय (dhīrāya) | धीराहि (dhīrāhi) or धीराभि (dhīrābhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | धीराय (dhīrāya) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | धीराय (dhīrāya) | धीराहि (dhīrāhi) or धीराभि (dhīrābhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | धीराय (dhīrāya) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | धीराय (dhīrāya) or धीरायं (dhīrāyaṃ) | धीरासु (dhīrāsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | धीरे (dhīre) | धीरायो (dhīrāyo) or धीरा (dhīrā) |
Declension table of "धीर" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | धीरं (dhīraṃ) | धीरानि (dhīrāni) |
| Accusative (second) | धीरं (dhīraṃ) | धीरानि (dhīrāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | धीरेन (dhīrena) | धीरेहि (dhīrehi) or धीरेभि (dhīrebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | धीरस्स (dhīrassa) or धीराय (dhīrāya) or धीरत्थं (dhīratthaṃ) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | धीरस्मा (dhīrasmā) or धीरम्हा (dhīramhā) or धीरा (dhīrā) | धीरेहि (dhīrehi) or धीरेभि (dhīrebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | धीरस्स (dhīrassa) | धीरानं (dhīrānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | धीरस्मिं (dhīrasmiṃ) or धीरम्हि (dhīramhi) or धीरे (dhīre) | धीरेसु (dhīresu) |
| Vocative (calling) | धीर (dhīra) | धीरानि (dhīrāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬥᬷᬭ (Balinese script)
- ধীৰ (Assamese script)
- ধীর (Bengali script)
- 𑰠𑰱𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀥𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌧𑍀𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ધીર (Gujarati script)
- ਧੀਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦣꦷꦫ (Javanese script)
- ធីរ (Khmer script)
- ಧೀರ (Kannada script)
- ຘີຣ (Lao script)
- ധീര (Malayalam script)
- 𑘠𑘲𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠾᠢᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᢡᡳᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဓီရ (Burmese script)
- 𑧀𑧓𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐢𑐷𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଧୀର (Odia script)
- ꢤꢷꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆣𑆵𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖠𑖱𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ධීර (Sinhalese script)
- த⁴ீர (Tamil script)
- ధీర (Telugu script)
- ธีร (Thai script)
- དྷཱི་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒡𑒲𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology 1
From the root धृ (dhṛ, “to be hold, to be firm”) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Adjective
धीर • (dhī́ra) stem
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरः dhī́raḥ |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीरान् dhī́rān |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of धीरा (dhī́rā) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरा dhī́rā |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rāḥ |
| Vocative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rāḥ |
| Accusative | धीराम् dhī́rām |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rāḥ |
| Instrumental | धीरया / धीरा¹ dhī́rayā / dhī́rā¹ |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीराभिः dhī́rābhiḥ |
| Dative | धीरायै dhī́rāyai |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीराभ्यः dhī́rābhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरायाः dhī́rāyāḥ |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीराभ्यः dhī́rābhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरायाः dhī́rāyāḥ |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरायाम् dhī́rāyām |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरासु dhī́rāsu |
| Notes |
| ||
(Can we verify(+) this sense?)
| Feminine ī-stem declension of धीरी (dhī́rī) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरी dhī́rī |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीर्यः / धीरीः¹ dhī́ryaḥ / dhī́rīḥ¹ |
| Vocative | धीरि dhī́ri |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीर्यः / धीरीः¹ dhī́ryaḥ / dhī́rīḥ¹ |
| Accusative | धीरीम् dhī́rīm |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीरीः dhī́rīḥ |
| Instrumental | धीर्या dhī́ryā |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभिः dhī́rībhiḥ |
| Dative | धीर्यै dhī́ryai |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभ्यः dhī́rībhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीर्याः dhī́ryāḥ |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभ्यः dhī́rībhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीर्याः dhī́ryāḥ |
धीर्योः dhī́ryoḥ |
धीरीणाम् dhī́rīṇām |
| Locative | धीर्याम् dhī́ryām |
धीर्योः dhī́ryoḥ |
धीरीषु dhī́rīṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Punjabi: ਧੀਰਾ (dhīrā)
Etymology 2
From the root धी (dhī, “to perceive, think”) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyh₂- (“mind, thought”).
Adjective
धीर • (dhī́ra) stem
- intelligent, wise, skillful, clever
- (Can we date this quote?), The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi) (subsequently translated from Pali to Sanskrit), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya, Colombo, 2009:
- 8. ප්රමාදමප්රමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ්ඩිතඃ
ප්රඥාප්රසාදමාරුහ්ය ත්වශොකඃ ශොකිනීං ප්රජාම්
පර්වතස්ථ ඉව භූමිෂ්ඨාන් ධීරො බාලානවෙක්ෂතෙ- 8 Pramādamapramādena yadā nudati paṇḍitaḥ
Prajñāprasādamāruhya tvaśokaḥ śokinīṃ prajām
Parvatastha iva bhūmiṣṭhān dhīro bālānavekṣate - 8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence,
having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow,
as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below. - (literally, “8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence,
having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow,
as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools on the ground.”)
- 8 Pramādamapramādena yadā nudati paṇḍitaḥ
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरः dhī́raḥ |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीरान् dhī́rān |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of धीरा (dhī́rā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरा dhī́rā́ |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rā́ḥ |
| Vocative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rāḥ |
| Accusative | धीराम् dhī́rā́m |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराः dhī́rā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | धीरया / धीरा¹ dhī́rayā / dhī́rā́¹ |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rā́bhyām |
धीराभिः dhī́rā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | धीरायै dhī́rā́yai |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rā́bhyām |
धीराभ्यः dhī́rā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरायाः dhī́rā́yāḥ |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rā́bhyām |
धीराभ्यः dhī́rā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरायाः dhī́rā́yāḥ |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rā́ṇām |
| Locative | धीरायाम् dhī́rā́yām |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरासु dhī́rā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ī-stem declension of धीरी (dhī́rī) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरी dhī́rī |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीर्यः / धीरीः¹ dhī́ryaḥ / dhī́rīḥ¹ |
| Vocative | धीरि dhī́ri |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीर्यः / धीरीः¹ dhī́ryaḥ / dhī́rīḥ¹ |
| Accusative | धीरीम् dhī́rīm |
धीर्यौ / धीरी¹ dhī́ryau / dhī́rī¹ |
धीरीः dhī́rīḥ |
| Instrumental | धीर्या dhī́ryā |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभिः dhī́rībhiḥ |
| Dative | धीर्यै dhī́ryai |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभ्यः dhī́rībhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीर्याः dhī́ryāḥ |
धीरीभ्याम् dhī́rībhyām |
धीरीभ्यः dhī́rībhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीर्याः dhī́ryāḥ |
धीर्योः dhī́ryoḥ |
धीरीणाम् dhī́rīṇām |
| Locative | धीर्याम् dhī́ryām |
धीर्योः dhī́ryoḥ |
धीरीषु dhī́rīṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरः dhī́raḥ |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीराः / धीरासः¹ dhī́rāḥ / dhī́rāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरौ dhī́rau |
धीरान् dhī́rān |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Usage notes
In compounds, this meaning cannot always be distinguished from that of 'wise' etc.
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of धीर (dhī́ra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Vocative | धीर dhī́ra |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Accusative | धीरम् dhī́ram |
धीरे dhī́re |
धीराणि / धीरा¹ dhī́rāṇi / dhī́rā¹ |
| Instrumental | धीरेण dhī́reṇa |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरैः / धीरेभिः¹ dhī́raiḥ / dhī́rebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | धीराय dhī́rāya |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धीरात् dhī́rāt |
धीराभ्याम् dhī́rābhyām |
धीरेभ्यः dhī́rebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धीरस्य dhī́rasya |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीराणाम् dhī́rāṇām |
| Locative | धीरे dhī́re |
धीरयोः dhī́rayoḥ |
धीरेषु dhī́reṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “धीर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 517, column 1.
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