复

See also: 復, 複, 覆, and 夏

复	U+590D, 复 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-590D

← 夌
[U+590C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

夎 →
[U+590E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

复 (Kangxi radical 35, 夊+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人日竹水 (OAHE), four-corner 8040₇, composition ⿱𭥍夂(GHJV) or ⿱𭥍夊(T))

Derived characters

復腹複

References

Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 245, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 869, character 6

Unihan data for U+590D

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 复
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
愎	*brɯɡ
鍑	puɡs, puɡ
覆	pʰuɡs, buɡs, pʰɯːɡ, pʰuɡ
復	buɡs, buɡ
椱	buɡs, buɡ
複	buɡs, puɡ
馥	brɯɡ, buɡ
腹	*puɡ
輹	puɡ, buɡ
蝮	*pʰuɡ
蕧	pʰuɡ, buɡ
复	*buɡ
鰒	*buɡ
澓	*buɡ

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fù
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴
  - Yale: fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk⁶
  - Yale: fuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚²/

Middle Chinese: bjuwk

Rime
Character	复
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房六切
Baxter	bjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/biuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwk̚/
Li Rong	/biuk̚/
Wang Li	/bĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fuk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-p(r)uk/

(Zhengzhang): /*buɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	复
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-p(r)uk/
English	return
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	复
Reading #	1/1
No.	3554
Phonetic component	复
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	伏
Old Chinese	/*buɡ/

Definitions

复

to go back

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology 3

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Definitions

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Usage notes

覆 was officially simplified to 复 in 1964–1986, but now it only simplifies to 复 in the meaning of "to return; to reply", e.g. 答覆／答复 (dáfù), 反覆／反复 (fǎnfù), and 回覆／回复 (huífù). In other meanings, 覆 no longer simplifies to 复, e.g. 翻覆 (fānfù), 覆蓋／覆盖 (fùgài), 顛覆／颠覆 (diānfù), 傾覆／倾覆 (qīngfù), and 覆轍／覆辙 (fùzhé).

Korean

Hanja

复 (eumhun 회복할 복 (hoebokhal bok))

Hanja

复 (eumhun 다시 부 (dasi bu))

same as 復

Vietnamese

Han character

复: Hán Nôm readings: phúc
, 复: Hán Nôm readings: phục
, 复: Hán Nôm readings: phức

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