斗

斗 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜十 (YJ), four-corner 3400₀, composition ⿻⿻㇀丨⺀)

1. Kangxi radical #68, ⽃.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/斗
• 𬽫, 呌, 㘰, 𡯏, 㞳, 𢗸, 㳆, 𭷾, 阧, 䢏, 𪰍, 枓, 𭮃, 𣬯, 炓, 𤓺, 㸯, 㺶, 𦙒, 𤯘, 䀞, 𥐿, 科, 𧘞, 𭑎, 紏, 蚪, 𧠕, 䚵(𬣟), 𧴼, 﨣, 𧿫, 酙, 𬻢, 𠒚, 鈄(钭), 𫖗, 𬖠, 𩫄, 𩰮, 魁, 𩵬, 𩿚, 𪌉, 𣙞, 𪖘, 𮯁
• 𩑯, 𬷄, 乧, 𣃜, 𥁇, 㖍, 𡗴, 𡰷, 戽, 𦮜, 𫁵, 𮪿, 𪚛, 閗(𫔯), 鬦

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 477, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13489
• Dae Jaweon: page 835, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2252, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6597

Historical forms of the character 斗
Shang	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) (Shuowen), indicating a ladle-shaped dou (see below) held by hand.

Pronunciations 1 (“dipper, ladle”) and 2 (“water ladle”) are cognate. Variant character: 枓 (zhǔ, “ladle”). They probably belong to the same word family as 注 (OC *tjos, “to pour”), as a derived noun. Within Sino-Tibetan, compare Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), འཆུ ('chu, “to scoop up, to ladle water”).

斗

1. (historical) A dipper or cup-like object, used in ancient China as a wine vessel.
   • 斗量  ―  dǒuliàng  ―  to measure with dou; numerous
   • 斗筲  ―  dǒushāo  ―  dou and xiao; humble; insignificant
2. Any dou-shaped object; dipper, ladle.

   漏斗  ―  lòudǒu  ―  funnel

   熨斗  ―  yùndǒu  ―  flatiron

   • 煙斗／烟斗  ―  yāndǒu  ―  tobacco pipe
   • 風斗／风斗  ―  fēngdǒu  ―  wind scoop
   • 水斗  ―  shuǐdǒu  ―  water ladle
   • 墨斗  ―  mòdǒu  ―  carpenter's ink marker
   • 抽斗  ―  chōudǒu  ―  drawer
   • 斗笠  ―  dǒulì  ―  wide-brimmed rain hat
   • 斗篷  ―  dǒupéng  ―  cape, cloak
3. Round or spiral shaped; fingerprint (a dactylogram)
4. A unit of dry measure (for grains, especially rice) roughly equal to 1 decaliter.
5. A unit of measure based on dou.
   • 升斗  ―  shēngdǒu  ―  sheng and dou; a small amount
6. (figurative) small, short, narrow (as with a dipper)
   • 斗室  ―  dǒushì  ―  small room
7. (figurative) big, high, to be full of (as with a dipper)
   • 斗膽／斗胆  ―  dǒudǎn  ―  venture; boldly
8. Stars in general.
   • 星斗  ―  xīngdǒu  ―  stars
9. (北斗) The Big Dipper, an asterism of seven stars.
   • 星移斗轉／星移斗转  ―  xīngyídǒuzhuǎn  ―  passage of time
   • 泰斗  ―  tàidǒu  ―  the leading authority
10. (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Dipper (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)
11. (南斗) A subconstellation of the above mansion, consisting of six stars.
12. (小北斗) The Little Dipper, a constellation of six stars.
13. A Chinese constellation (星官) consisting of five stars.
14. Short for 刁斗 (“cauldron, cymbal”).
15. Short for 科斗 (“tadpole”).
16. (斗姆) Doumu, a goddess in Taoism.
17. Alternative form of 枓 (dǒu, “the system of wood brackets on the top of a column supporting the crossbeam”)
    • 斗拱  ―  dǒugǒng  ―  corbel bracket
18. Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “steep, cliffy”)
19. Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”)
20. Alternative form of 抖 (dǒu, “to tremble, to shake off”)

(Unit of dry measure)

• → Tocharian B: tau

斗

1. A unit of measure for liquids.
2. Alternative form of 枓 (“ladle or spoon used for scooping water”)
3. Alternative form of 主 (“master, God”)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

斗

1. (Hokkien) time; an instance or occurrence

斗

1. (Hokkien, literal) to catch between two sticks or claws
2. (Hokkien) to catch in a trap; to snare; to trap; to ensnare
3. (Hokkien) a trap; a snare
4. (Hokkien) to latch; to bolt; to lock
5. (Hokkien) to trigger; to cock; to pull the trigger (of a gun)

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. a unit of liquid measure

• Go-on: つ (tsu)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kan’yō-on: と (to, Jōyō)
• Kun: ます (masu, 斗); ひしゃく (hishaku, 斗); とます (tomasu, 斗)

斗(と) • (to) 

1. an obsolete unit of liquid measure equal to about 18 liters (18,000 cm³)

斗 (eumhun 말 두 (mal du))

1. Hanja form^? of 두 (“measure of about 18 liters; such measuring vessel”).
2. Hanja form^? of 두 (“cauldron; cymbal”).
3. Hanja form^? of 두 (“dipper, ladle”).
4. Hanja form^? of 두 (“asterism around Polaris such as Big Dipper and Little Dipper”).

• (cauldron): 刁

• (unit): 合 (홉, hob, ¹⁄₁₀₀ mal); 升 (승, seung, ¹⁄₁₀ mal); 石 (섬, seom, 10-20 mal)

• 斗 (국제퇴계학회)

Reconstructed *twu- after both the Middle Korean reflex and the Sino-Korean reading.

斗 (*twu-)

1. to possess, to have
   • c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35, pages 12:02—03:

     當^爲隱矣隱天下^乙[有]^斗賜爲旀

     TANG-hwo-n to-y-n THYEN.HA-r twu-si-wo-mye

     Now in this moment, [I] possess all under heaven

     (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)

   • c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35, pages 26:11—12:

     十^尸 種^叱無盡^乙[有]^斗良

     YEl KAc MWU.CIN-ur twu-e

     It has ten kinds of inexhaustibilities

     (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)

• Middle Korean: 두다〮 (twùtá, “to place”)
  • Korean: 두다 (duda, “to place”)

• 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop), 이전경 (Yi Jeon-gyeong), 하귀녀 (Ha Gwi-nyeo), 이용 (Yi Yong), 박진호 (Park Jin-ho), 김성주 (Kim Seong-ju), 장경준 (Jang Gyeong-jun), 서민욱 (Seo Min-uk), 이지영 (Yi Ji-yeong), 서형국 (Seo Hyeong-guk). (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 76—84

斗: Hán Nôm readings: đẩu, đấu, điếu, tẩu

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