釁

See also: 衅

釁	U+91C1, 釁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C1

← 釀
[U+91C0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

釂 →
[U+91C2]

Translingual

Han character

釁 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+18, 25 strokes, cangjie input 竹月一金竹 (HBMCH), four-corner 7722₇, composition ⿳⿴𦥑同冖⿱酉分 (GKV))

Derived characters

虋

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1289, character 27

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40103

Dae Jaweon: page 1789, character 35

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 363, character 13

Unihan data for U+91C1

Chinese

trad.		釁
simp.		衅
alternative forms		衅舋

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釁
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (釁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
釁	*hmrɯns
舋	*hmrɯns
亹	mɯlʔ, mɯːn
斖	*mɯlʔ
虋	*mɯːn
璺	*mɯns

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xìn (xin⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan³, jan⁶
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hìn / hùn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hiêng³ / hiang³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xìn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìn
  - Wade–Giles: hsin⁴
  - Yale: syìn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinn
  - Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan³, jan⁶
  - Yale: yan, yahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan³, jan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen³, yen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn³³/, /jɐn²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hìn
  - Tâi-lô: hìn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hixn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hin⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hin²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
  - Tâi-lô: hùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hiêng³ / hiang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hièng / hiàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieŋ²¹³/, /hiaŋ²¹³/

Note:

hiêng3 - Chaozhou;
hiang3 - Shantou.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 釁
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕin⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕin⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕin⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕiẽ²¹³/ 舊 /ɕiẽ²¹/ 新
	Qingdao	/ɕiə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕĩn¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕin³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕin¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕin²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕĩ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ɕin⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕin⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ɕin⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ɕaŋ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiʌ̃³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕin⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕin⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
Hakka	Taoyuan	/lun⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐn²²/
	Nanning	/jɐn²²/
	Hong Kong	/jɐn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hun²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/høyŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xeiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hiaŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hin³⁵/

Middle Chinese: xinH

Rime
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許覲切
Baxter	xinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/xien^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hjin^H/
Li Rong	/xjĕn^H/
Wang Li	/xǐĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	han³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥rər-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*hmrɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xìn
Middle Chinese	‹ xin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥rər-s/
English	smear with blood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
No.	13851
Phonetic component	釁
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	衅
Old Chinese	/*hmrɯns/
Notes	同釁說文分亦聲

Definitions

釁

(historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object
1. (archaic) to smear (with blood)
(archaic) crack; rift
dispute; quarrel; feud
a surname

Compounds

三釁三沐／三衅三沐 (sānxìnsānmù)
三釁三浴／三衅三浴
卑梁之釁／卑梁之衅
尋釁／寻衅 (xúnxìn)
抉瑕擿釁／抉瑕擿衅
挑釁／挑衅 (tiǎoxìn)
搆釁／构衅
啟釁／启衅 (qǐxìn)
構釁／构衅
瑕釁／瑕衅
禍結釁深／祸结衅深
覆餗之釁／覆𫗧之衅
觀釁／观衅
觀釁伺隙／观衅伺隙
觀釁而動／观衅而动
貪功起釁／贪功起衅
起釁／起衅 (qǐxìn)
釁惡／衅恶
釁故／衅故
釁浴／衅浴
釁發蕭牆／衅发萧墙
釁端／衅端 (xìnduān)
釁起蕭牆／衅起萧墙
釁鐘／衅钟
釁隙／衅隙
釁面／衅面
釁鼓／衅鼓
險釁／险衅

Japanese

Kanji

釁

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

to smear with blood

Readings

On (unclassified): きん (kin)

Kun: ちぬる (chinuru); ひま (hima); すき (suki)

Korean

Hanja

釁 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

釁: Hán Nôm readings: hấn, hắn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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