Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/poľe

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Speculated to be a thematization of an archaic i-stem neuter[1], via schwebeablaut from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”). Presumably cognate with Hittite [script needed] (palḫi-, “wide”) < Proto-Indo-European *pólh₂is ~ *pl̥h₂éis (c.); *pólh₂i ~ *pl̥h₂éis (n.). In the past, has been alternatively linked to *pelH- (“pale, light”) (Trubačev).

Further akin to Latin palam (“openly”), German West-falen.

Noun

*pȍľe n[2][3][4]

field

Declension

Declension of *pȍľe (soft o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pȍľe	*pȍľi	*poľà
genitive	*pȍľa	*poľù	*pòľь
dative	*pȍľu	*poľemà	*poľémъ
accusative	*pȍľe	*pȍľi	*poľà
instrumental	pȍľьmь, pȍľemь^*	*poľemà	*poľí
locative	*pȍľi	*poľù	*poľíxъ
vocative	*pȍľe	*pȍľi	*poľà

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*polěna (“meadow”)
*poľaninъ, *poľaxъ (“field dweller”)
*poľana
*poľьskъ, *poľьnъ (“of the field”)

Related terms

*polъ sg (“surface, floor”), *poli pl (“fells”)
*polnъ (“barren”)
- *polnina (“barren terrain, mountain”)
*polsa (“strip”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: поле (pole)
  - Old Ruthenian: по́ле (póle), по́лє (pólje)
    - Belarusian: по́ле (pólje)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: по́ле (póle)
    - Ukrainian: по́ле (póle)
  - Russian: по́ле (póle)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: полѥ (polje)
- Bulgarian: поле́ (polé); по́ле (póle) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: по́ле (póle)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: по̏ље
  
  Latin script: pȍlje
- Slovene: pọ̑lje, poljẹ̑ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: pòle
- Old Czech: pole, poľe
  - Czech: pole
- Old Polish: pole
  - Masurian: pole
  - Polish: pole
  - Silesian: pole
- Polabian: püli
- Slovak: pole
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: pólo
  - Upper Sorbian: polo

References

Metka Furlan (2011), “The archaic word-formational relationship between the Proto-Slavic noun *poľe and the Hittite adjective palḫi-”, in Linguistica, volume 51, pages 291-297
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pȍļe”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 411
Olander, Thomas (2001), “polje”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 71, 152; PR 138; MP 20, 25; RPT 111)”
Snoj, Marko (2016), “polje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pȍľe”