判

See also: 刊
判 U+5224, 判
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5224
← 刣
[U+5223] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 別 →
[U+5225]

Translingual
Traditional 判
Simplified 判
Japanese 判
Korean 判

Han character

判 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 火手中弓 (FQLN), four-corner 92500, composition ⿰半刂)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 138, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1923
  • Dae Jaweon: page 311, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 331, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5224

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 判

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (半) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
半 *paːns
絆 *paːns
靽 *paːns
姅 *paːns, *pʰaːns
拌 *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ
拚 *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns
坢 *pʰaːnʔ
判 *pʰaːns
泮 *pʰaːns
頖 *pʰaːns
胖 *pʰaːns
冸 *pʰaːns
牉 *pʰaːns
柈 *baːn
伴 *baːnʔ, *baːns
叛 *baːns
畔 *baːns
袢 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːns) : phonetic 半 (OC *paːns, “half (cow)”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”) – to cut fine distinctions 刀 (to judge, to discriminate). Phonetic (半) is also a cow cut in half, hence “divide a cow”.

Pronunciation

Note: pong3 - used in 判官.
Note:
  • phoàn/phàn - literary;
  • phòaⁿ - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: puang3 / puêng3 / puan3
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuàng / phuèng / phuàⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuaŋ²¹³/, /pʰueŋ²¹³/, /pʰũã²¹³/
Note:
  • puang3/puêng3 - literary (puêng3 - Chaozhou);
  • puan3 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wugniu: 5phoe
      • Wiktionary Romanisation: 2phoe
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰø³⁴/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: ponn4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰõ⁴⁵/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 判
Mandarin Beijing /pʰan⁵¹/
Harbin /pʰan⁵³/
Tianjin /pʰan⁵³/
Jinan /pʰã²¹/
Qingdao /pʰã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰan³¹²/
Xi'an /pʰã⁴⁴/
Xining /pʰã²¹³/
Yinchuan /pʰan¹³/
Lanzhou /pʰɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /pʰan²¹³/
Wuhan /pʰan³⁵/
Chengdu /pʰan¹³/
Guiyang /pʰan²¹³/
Kunming /pʰã̠²¹²/
Nanjing /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /pʰʊ̃⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰæ̃⁴⁵/
Pingyao /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /pʰæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /pʰø³⁵/
Suzhou /pʰø⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /pʰuõ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /pʰø⁴²/
Hui Shexian /pʰo³²⁴/
Tunxi /pʰuːə⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /pʰõ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /pʰɔn⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /pʰɵn²¹³/
/pʰɔŋ²¹³/ ～官
Hakka Meixian /pʰan⁵³/
Taoyuan /pʰɑn⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰun³³/
Nanning /pʰun³³/
Hong Kong /pʰun³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pʰan²¹/
/pʰuã²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pʰuɑŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /puiŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /pʰuaŋ²¹³/
/pʰuã²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /fuaŋ³⁵/
Rime
Character 判
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 普半切
Baxter phanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʰuɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʰʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pʰuɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pʰwanH/
Li
Rong		 /pʰuɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /pʰuɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pʰuɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 pàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 pun3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 判
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 pàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ phanH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pʰˁan-s/
English divide

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 判
Reading # 1/1
No. 250
Phonetic
component		 半
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 判
Old
Chinese		 /*pʰaːns/

Definitions

判

  1. to differentiate; to discriminate
  2. to judge
  3. to sentence
  4. obvious

Compounds

Japanese
Shinjitai 判
Kyūjitai
[1]
判󠄁
判+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
判󠄄
判+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
判

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. judgement
  2. seal, stamp

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
判
はん
Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 判 (phanH).

Pronunciation

Noun

判(はん) • (han) 

  1. stamp, seal
  2. judgement

Suffix

判(はん) • (-han) 

  1. size of paper or books

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
判
ばん
Grade: 5
kan’yōon

Pronunciation

Suffix

判(ばん) • (-ban) 

  1. size of paper or books

References
  1. “判”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

判 (eum 판 (pan))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

判: Hán Nôm readings: phán

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.