< Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/tjak ~ g-t(j)ik

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology
  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tyik ⪤ *tyak (LaPolla, 1987); *gtyik (Coblin, 1986); *tyɑk (Chou, 1972)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *tyak ⪤ g-t(y)ik (Matisoff, STEDT); *tyɑk ~ tyik (Chou, 1972)

Numeral
Proto-Sino-Tibetan numerals
ONE*ʔit
*kat
*tjak ~ g-t(j)ik
TWO*g/s-ni-s
THREE*g-sum
FOUR*b-ləj
FIVE*l/b-ŋa
SIX*d-k-ruk
SEVEN*s-ni-s
EIGHT*b-r-gjat ~ b-g-rjat
NINE*d/s-kəw
TEN*gip
*ts(j)i(j) ~ tsjaj
TWENTY*m-kul
HUNDRED*b-r-gja
THOUSAND*s-tawŋ

*tjak ~ g-t(j)ik

  1. one

Descendants
  • Old Chinese: 隻／只 (zhī) /*tek/ (B-S), /*tjaːɡ/ (ZS) ("single, one of a pair")
    • Middle Chinese: 隻／只 (tɕiᴇk)

      → Japanese: 隻 (せき, ​seki)
      Korean: 척 (隻, cheok)
      Vietnamese: chiếc (隻)

      • →? Proto-Turkic: *tēk (“single, only, unique”)
      • Modern Mandarin
        • Beijing: 隻／只 (zhī), /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/)
      • Cantonese
        • Guangzhou: 隻／只 (zhī) /t͡sɛːk̚³/
      • Wu
        • Shanghai: 隻／只 (zhī) /t͡saʔ⁵⁵/
    • Min
      • Min Nan
        • Taiwan: 隻／只 (zhī) /t͡ɕiaʔ³/ (colloquial), /t͡ɕik̚³/ (literary)
  • Himalayish
    • Tibeto-Kanauri
      • Bodic
  • Tangut-Qiang
    • Northern Tangut
      • Tangut: 𘈩 (*lew¹, “one, single”)
  • Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
    • Lolo-Burmese: *ʔ-dikᴸ (“one, only”) (Matisoff, 2003)
      • Burmish
      • Proto-Loloish: *t/di² (“one”) (Bradley, 1979)
        • Northern Loloish
          • Yi (Liangshan): ꋍ (cyp, “one”)
        • Central Loloish
          • Lisu (Southern): ꓕꓲꓽ (tʰì, “one”)

See also
  • *dan ~ daj (“single, one, whole, only”)
  • *ʔit (“one”)
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